{"id":21532,"date":"2015-03-31T13:59:47","date_gmt":"2015-03-31T17:59:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=21532"},"modified":"2021-11-10T16:41:18","modified_gmt":"2021-11-10T20:41:18","slug":"longleaf-pine-loving-bachmans-sparrow-needs-more-than-isolated-patches-of-forest-to-thrive-study-says","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/longleaf-pine-loving-bachmans-sparrow-needs-more-than-isolated-patches-of-forest-to-thrive-study-says.htm","title":{"rendered":"Longleaf pine-loving Bachman’s sparrow needs more than isolated patches of forest to thrive, study says"},"content":{"rendered":"

Every organism, from human to hawk to hedgehog, has specialized traits that make it most suitable for one habitat or another. Some species are fine-tuned for living in particular types of habitats that may only occur across one narrow swath in the whole world. For these species, a lost acre of habitat is one less buffer between them and endangerment.\u00a0The Bachman\u2019s sparrow nests only in stands of longleaf pine, a tree that once grew all across the American Southeast. Today, the fire-dependent longleaf pine mostly grows in confined patches, surrounded by private development or farmland. A new study from North Carolina State University suggests that isolated stands of longleaf pine aren\u2019t enough to support these sparrows \u2014 connectivity to larger forests is key to predicting their presence.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s kind of an elusive species,\u201d said Paul Taillie, a doctoral student at NCSU who conducted the study as a master\u2019s student. \u201cThe best time to detect it is in the spring, when they\u2019re singing. But outside of that, they\u2019re pretty hard to come by. They\u2019re a tough species to study.\u201d<\/p>\n

Despite the Bachman sparrow\u2019s limited range, Taillie said the species isn\u2019t federally listed as endangered, or even threatened. Instead, it\u2019s been designated as a Category 2 species, indicating that not enough is known about the sparrow to determine its threat level.<\/p>\n

\"Bachman's

Bachman’s sparrows spend most of their time close to the ground under cover of wiregrass and other fire-maintained herbaceous vegetation. (Courtesy Paul Taillie)<\/p><\/div>\n

While the Bachman\u2019s sparrow prefers recently burned patches of longleaf pine and wiregrass savannas, one theory suggests that the species\u2019 range expanded in the early 20th century following the abandonment of agricultural land across the midwest. The fallow fields provided suitable habitat for the sparrow to disperse westward. When the agricultural land was worked once again, many sparrow populations were cut off and isolated, and the species\u2019 range reverted to a narrow stretch of the southeast.<\/p>\n

\u201cSince the habitat is so ephemeral, they have this mosaic of habitat at all different stages,\u201d Taillie said. \u201cThey\u2019re all sort of blinking in and out.\u201d<\/p>\n

Taillie and his co-authors, M. Nils Peterson and Christopher Moorman of NCSU, wanted to determine what factors influenced the distribution of the Bachman\u2019s sparrow. Using GIS tools, Taillie selected more than 100 sites for assessment on private and public lands in North Carolina.<\/p>\n

\u201cPretty much all the properties were off the road, so we were navigating there with a map and a GPS,\u201d Taillie said. \u201cIt was a lot of walking.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"The

The open canopy of a well-managed longleaf pine stands allows sunlight to reach the ground and support a diverse community of herbaceous plants. (Courtesy Paul Taillie)<\/p><\/div>\n

Some of that walking was through thorn thickets and nearly impassable tangles of brush, particularly on private lands where controlled burns are harder to coordinate. Taillie said traversing between sites was the hardest part of the study. So difficult, in fact, that 5 percent of the sites were relocated, and another 5 percent were dropped altogether.<\/p>\n

Once the researchers arrived at each site, they collected various vegetation measurements and listened and watched for the sparrows for about five minutes \u2014 \u201cMostly listening,\u201d Taillie said. \u201cYou don\u2019t see them very often.\u201d<\/p>\n

After five minutes, the researchers played a tape of a Bachman\u2019s sparrow singing. Taillie said the sparrows, being territorial birds, would make their presence known almost immediately once the tape began. From there, the researchers would listen and record their observations for another five minutes, before heading to the next site.<\/p>\n

The study revealed that healthy sparrow populations were most common in longleaf pine patches connected to larger forests. Most of these patches were found on well-maintained public lands that were treated with prescribed burns. The researchers observed very few Bachman\u2019s sparrows on private lands, likely due to lack of resources available for private landowners interested in prescribed burns.<\/p>\n

Taillie pointed out that his study addresses sparrows \u201cfrom the North Carolina perspective,\u201d which is at the northern extent of the birds\u2019 range. Their habitat conditions may vary toward the core of their range, including Georgia, Alabama and northern Florida. But in North Carolina, at least, the researchers are confident in their recommendations:<\/p>\n

\u201cMore places need to burn,\u201d Taillie said. \u201cPrescribed fire, in this part of the country, has been shown to benefit a whole suite of species\u201d and should be made \u201cmore logistically feasible for private landowners.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cReally, involving private landowners is the key,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Top image:\u00a0A male Bachman’s sparrow singing on his perch in a young longleaf pine sapling. (Courtesy Paul Taillie)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Bachman’s sparrow nests in longleaf pine stands, but limited connectivity between stands may narrow the species’ distribution, according to NCSU study<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":21525,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,5],"tags":[192,345,60,189],"class_list":["post-21532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-atmosphere","category-featured-articles","tag-birds","tag-earth-atmosphere","tag-featured","tag-forest"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nLongleaf pine-loving Bachman's sparrow needs more than isolated patches of forest to thrive, study says<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Bachman's sparrow nests in longleaf pine stands, but limited connectivity between stands may narrow the species' distribution, according to NCSU study\" 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