{"id":22703,"date":"2015-07-24T15:04:02","date_gmt":"2015-07-24T19:04:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=22703"},"modified":"2021-11-10T16:40:42","modified_gmt":"2021-11-10T20:40:42","slug":"map-reveals-rotavirus-pathogen-emission-rates-in-global-waterways","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/map-reveals-rotavirus-pathogen-emission-rates-in-global-waterways.htm","title":{"rendered":"Map Reveals Rotavirus Pathogen Emission Rates In Global Waterways"},"content":{"rendered":"

The impact of human activity on water quality is often expressed in terms of agricultural runoff or industrial contamination. But long before the advent of agriculture or industry, another source of anthropogenic pollution has tainted the waters wherever people reside: human waste. <\/p>\n

A new study from Michigan State University has produced a map revealing rotavirus emissions into waterways around the world. The map and a paper detailing the study\u2019s finding are published online in the journal Pathogens.<\/p>\n

Scientists believe that rotavirus, a fecal pathogen, causes more than 450,000 deaths around the world annually, with children under the age of two being the most susceptible to its effects. The virus exhibits a fast transmission rate and travels via waterways, placing impoverished or developing regions with poor wastewater infrastructure at particular risk. <\/p>\n

Until the release of the MSU study, no map showing the spread of the pathogen existed. But Joan Rose, Homer Nowlin chair for water research at the university, saw that a pathogen map could help researchers interpret transmission risks at a regional level. <\/p>\n

Of course, developing a qualitative snapshot of any health issue on a global scale poses a challenge, but addressing wastewater pathogens, Rose said, was especially troublesome, as the required data vary in quality \u2014 if they exist at all \u2014 depending on the source region. <\/p>\n

\"Rotavirus

Rotavirus travels via sewage through waterways, and is believed to cause more than 450,000 deaths globally each year. (Credit: Joan Rose \/ MSU)<\/p><\/div>\n

Still, Rose says that modern advances in technology allowed the research team to take an \u201cingenious\u201d approach to mapping the world\u2019s sewage. <\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s just been recently that we\u2019ve had these computer-based tools, these GIS-based tools, that we can start looking at the broader landscape,\u201d she said. \u201cThe data set that we\u2019re developing \u2014 it\u2019s got pretty good resolution, down to 100-kilometer grids \u2014 it takes population, it takes what we know about wastewater infrastructure, and then it takes clinical data.\u201d <\/p>\n

Using data from the World Health Organization (which Rose says \u201chas done a pretty good job\u201d but is still lacking in coverage), the researchers compared a region\u2019s population to its infection and excretion rates to build the model upon which the map is based. <\/p>\n

The study and the map were created to address some of the United Nations\u2019 Sustainability Development Goals, one of which seeks to cut \u201cthe proportion of the global population without access to safe sanitation in half by 2015,\u201d according to an MSU press release. <\/p>\n

\"Joan

Joan Rose is the Homer Nowlin chair for water research at MSU, and is lead author on the study. (Credit: K.A. Stepnitz)<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cIn my view, it\u2019s going to be extremely useful,\u201d Rose said. \u201cThis is exactly what we need for decision making.\u201d <\/p>\n

Rose said she was surprised to see just how many parts of the map turned up red, representing the highest levels of rotavirus emissions. \u201cIt suggests to me that the Earth has a carrying capacity to support these things, but we\u2019re reaching a tipping point,\u201d she said. \u201cIt\u2019s making me think about the combination of population growth and a lack of infrastructure keeping up.\u201d <\/p>\n

For now, the map is a static tool, but Rose and her co-authors are interested in producing an interactive map with greater resolution and better risk assessment tools. Doing that will require them to work closely with the international hydrology community and consider the implications of a changing climate. <\/p>\n

The Global Water Pathogens Project, as the effort is known, will produce a publically accessible database covering 60 pathogens found in human waste, and will detail the current impacts and health effects of those pathogens. <\/p>\n

Rose says she hopes the map and future elements of the GWPP will draw attention to the need for adequate wastewater infrastructure, not only around the world but in the U.S. as well, where certain regions still suffer from a lack of sanitation services. <\/p>\n

\u201cIn this country, we don\u2019t think often about our water and our wastewater system, but it\u2019s all tied together and it\u2019s all part of a cycle,\u201d Rose said. \u201cThe fallout of not having a strong wastewater infrastructure is what we see people struggling with in other parts of the world.<\/p>\n

\u201cI don\u2019t want to see us travel down that road here in the U.S.\u201d <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A map of rotavirus pathogen emission rates in waterways around the world highlights a need for improved wastewater infrastructure in many regions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":22693,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,49],"tags":[60,224,109,348],"class_list":["post-22703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-rivers-streams","tag-featured","tag-michigan-state-university","tag-news-ticker","tag-rivers-streams"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nMap Reveals Rotavirus Pathogen Emission Rates In Global Waterways<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A map of rotavirus pathogen emission rates in waterways around the world highlights a need for improved wastewater infrastructure in many regions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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