{"id":27539,"date":"2017-08-25T15:29:57","date_gmt":"2017-08-25T19:29:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=27539"},"modified":"2024-10-21T13:37:35","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T17:37:35","slug":"data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm","title":{"rendered":"Data Buoys Study Turbid Water Environments In Lake Erie Basin"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>What started as a study into a relatively unexamined type of cyanobacteria has turned biologists from Bowling Green State University into an integral part of the effort to monitor and protect the drinking water in Sandusky, Ohio.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. George Bullerjahn, the Professor of Research Excellence at Bowling Green State University, has done considerable work in the study of beneficial cyanobacterial organisms in the eastern and central basins of Lake Erie. His current project is focused on the growth of the toxic cyanobacterium <em>Planktothrix<\/em> in Sandusky Bay.<\/p>\n<p>Over the course of his career Bullerjahn has collaborated with Dr. Steven Wilhelm from the University of Tennessee.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFrom several discussions about Steve\u2019s previous work and our collaborations, it was clear that the nearshore blooms in Lake Erie embayments were different than the western basin <em>Microcystis<\/em> blooms. The nearshore blooms were caused largely by <em>Planktothrix<\/em>,\u201d said Bullerjahn. \u201cBoth are cyanobacteria but they are very different. This prompted the question, what is it in the near and offshore environments that selects for two very different toxic bloom formers?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bullerjahn wanted to find out.<\/p>\n<p>In 2013, Bullerjahn and fellow BGSU biology professor Mike McKay, along with a team made up of biology students from BGSU and scientists from NOAA and Michigan State University, began studying Sandusky Bay through biweekly sampling from defined sites. The team was able to determine that <em>Planktothrix<\/em> thrives in cooler turbid water, making the Sandusky Bay an optimal environment. The Sandusky River drains into the bay bringing with it sediment that creates a darker, more turbid water than the western basin. Additionally, Sandusky Bay is prone to long-term nitrogen depletion, and <em>Planktothrix<\/em> is well adapted to a low nitrogen environment.<\/p>\n<p>Although the team was able to ascertain some of the conditions in which <em>Planktothrix<\/em> thrive, their research was limited.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJust sampling the water biweekly wasn\u2019t ideal, we would often miss the immediate effects of sudden weather events,\u201d said Bullerjahn.<\/p>\n<p>Shortly after Bullerjahn\u2019s project began the need to study the water of Lake Erie became paramount. In the summer of 2014, Toledo, Ohio faced a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/toledo-water-crisis-water-quality-data-buoy.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">water crisis<\/a> when the city\u2019s main water supply from the lake was contaminated from a toxins produced by a <em>Microcystis<\/em> bloom. For two days residents were unable to drink the water and children were advised not drink or bathe in it.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen the Toledo crisis happened, the state responded very quickly,\u201d said Bullerjahn. \u201cSeveral agencies stepped in. The Ohio Department of Education and Ohio State University came forward with a plan to bring the scientists who were currently studying freshwater ecosystems on board to help address the issues.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Ohio Department of Education made the decision to fund the Harmful Algae Bloom Research Initiative, also known as HABRI, in order to fill knowledge gaps and prevent other incidents from happening in the future. HABRI is a $4 million initiative with 30 science teams dedicated to studying the Lake Erie ecosystems. Ohio Sea Grant, which is part of the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), manages the research.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_27540\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27540\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bgsu_algalbuoy.jpg\" alt=\"Planktothrix\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bgsu_algalbuoy.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bgsu_algalbuoy-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-27540\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Robert (Mike) McKay, Mikayla Baer (student) and Dr. George Bullerjahn (right) prepare for the monitoring buoy to be deployed in the Sandusky Bay. (Credit: Bowling Green State University)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Because Bullerjahn and McKay were already monitoring the Sandusky Bay in order to learn more about <em>Planktothrix<\/em>, their project received a grant from the Ohio Sea Grant College Program. The purpose of his research was now two-fold, to learn more about <em>Planktothrix<\/em> and monitor the bay for harmful algae blooms and toxins. This critical funding made the purchase of data buoys and other equipment possible.<\/p>\n<p>The team selected NexSens Technology <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/nexsens-cb-450-data-buoy.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CB-450 Data Buoys<\/a> that have an instrument well for data loggers and batteries. They also contain a pass-through pipe for environmental sensors and 10-watt solar panels for powering the buoy equipment.<\/p>\n<p>The buoy systems include <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/airmar-200wx-ultrasonic-weatherstation-instrument.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Airmar 200WX Ultrasonic WeatherStation<\/a> instruments that measure air temperature, barometric pressure and wind direction and speed. Beneath the data buoys, in the pass-through, are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/ysi-exo2-multi-parameter-water-quality-sonde.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">YSI EXO2 Multi-Parameter Water Quality Sondes<\/a> that have sensors for measuring water temperature, specific conductance, pH, turbidity, chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen and blue-green algae. One buoy was placed at the mouth of the Sandusky Bay near the water intake, the other inside the bay. The buoys allow for 24-hour water monitoring.<\/p>\n<p>Data gathered by the buoy systems is logged by NexSens iSIC-CB Buoy Data Loggers contained in the instrument wells. The readings are transmitted to a computer running NexSens iChart software. The program works with WQData LIVE, a web datacenter that helps scientists share project information, as well as with the Great Lakes Observing System (GLOS). These portals allow real-time online data acquisition. The information is shared with the BGSU team, Sandusky water managers and <a href=\"http:\/\/wqdatalive.com\/public\/519\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the public<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe buoys allow us to see how the Bay environment and the bloom changes at shorter timescales,\u201d said Bullerjahn.<\/p>\n<p>Because of the around-the-clock monitoring, the team was able to show that <em>Planktothrix<\/em> is well adapted in environments where nitrogen is limited due to denitrification, which is active in nearshore sediments.<\/p>\n<p>While the team was gathering important data about <em>Planktothrix<\/em>, they were also monitoring any algae blooms that came within close proximity to the Sandusky water intake at the mouth of the bay.The buoy data allowed the Big Island Water Works Sandusky water treatment facility to adjust their treatment procedures in response to changes in the bloom at the intake site.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOver the last three summers. I have used the buoy data to correlate our certified microcystin tests with chlorophyll and phycocyanin levels. I have also used the real-time data to adjust treatment seven days a week,\u201d said Orin McMonigle, water services superintendent for Big Island Water Works.<\/p>\n<p>With the day-to-day monitoring under control and important research into <em>Planktothrix<\/em> yielding interesting results, some plans are being put in place for a long-term strategy.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAll of the monitoring is showing that the <em>Planktothrix<\/em> behaves very differently than the <em>Microcystis<\/em> and will require very different strategies,\u201d explained Bullerjahn. \u201cBecause we now understand how the bloom behaves we can put plans in place to modify the environment.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Long-term management of the environment will likely include environmental engineering strategies that may include construction of islands in the bay to mitigate the flow of the sediment from river. Lack of sediment will make the water less turbid and the increase of light will inhibit the growth of <em>Planktothrix<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>In the meantime, the BGSU team will keep monitoring the bay.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe are currently looking into the point at which <em>Planktothrix<\/em> blooms receive too much light, at what point the blooms will die as a result,\u201d said Bullerjahn. \u201cWe have enough data to continue doing this work.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Top image:\u00a0The Bowling Green State University buoy in the Sandusky Bay near Cedar Point. (Credit: Bowling Green State University)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientists from Bowling Green State University use data buoys to study the Sandusky Bay to learn more about Lake Erie Planktothrix blooms and water quality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":27541,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,32],"tags":[308,491,91,126,60,125,181,109,176],"class_list":["post-27539","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-lakes-reservoirs","tag-algae","tag-bgsu","tag-buoy","tag-data-buoy","tag-featured","tag-great-lakes","tag-lake-erie","tag-news-ticker","tag-top-story"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Data Buoys Study Turbid Water Environments In Lake Erie Basin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists from Bowling Green State University use data buoys to study the Sandusky Bay to learn more about Lake Erie Planktothrix blooms and water quality.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Data Buoys Study Turbid Water Environments In Lake Erie Basin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scientists from Bowling Green State University use data buoys to study the Sandusky Bay to learn more about Lake Erie Planktothrix blooms and water quality.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Environmental Monitor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-08-25T19:29:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-21T17:37:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/lake_bgsu.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"679\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mindy Cooper\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mindy Cooper\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mindy Cooper\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c69b933b32e9c27abdc2de4090bee515\"},\"headline\":\"Data Buoys Study Turbid Water Environments In Lake Erie Basin\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-08-25T19:29:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-21T17:37:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm\"},\"wordCount\":1139,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/data-buoys-study-turbid-water-environments-lake-erie-basin.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/08\\\/lake_bgsu.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"algae\",\"BGSU\",\"buoy\",\"data buoy\",\"featured\",\"Great Lakes\",\"Lake Erie\",\"news ticker\",\"top-story\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Featured Articles\",\"Lakes &amp; 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