{"id":27741,"date":"2017-11-30T11:20:47","date_gmt":"2017-11-30T15:20:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=27741"},"modified":"2022-08-04T12:27:10","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T16:27:10","slug":"lake-erie-hab-monitoring-network-matures-protect-drinking-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/lake-erie-hab-monitoring-network-matures-protect-drinking-water.htm","title":{"rendered":"Lake Erie HAB Monitoring Network Matures to Protect Drinking Water"},"content":{"rendered":"

When toxic algae in western Lake Erie cut off 500,000 Toledo residents from their tap water in 2014, an effort to cobble together <\/span>an algae-monitoring sensor network<\/span><\/a> sprang up in the bloom\u2019s slimy green wake. <\/span><\/p>\n

This September, as another bloom spread across the western basin, the coalition of water quality interests behind the project <\/span>secured more than $2 million<\/span><\/a> in backing to bolster it with the best available toxin-monitoring technology, refine the way it distributes data to the people who need it, and ensure it stays funded well into the future. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re really building a sustainable funding model, unifying the network and solidifying it as a permanent observatory,\u201d said Ed Verhamme, engineer with LimnoTech, one of the partners on the project. <\/span><\/p>\n

The network grew from a plan to install sondes measuring algae pigments and other dimensions of water quality near the intake pipes of drinking water treatment plants along the lake\u2019s southwestern and central shore. What started as a goal of getting seven plants on board the first year has grown to 12 plants sharing real-time sensor data today.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt helps them know the treatment that they are using is effective,\u201d Verhamme said.<\/span>\u201cAnd if it\u2019s effective today and the data shows the bloom is going down, they know it will be effective tomorrow.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Since the Toledo crisis, several universities and the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory have launched buoys with similar capabilities across the basin to track conditions offshore. The Great Lakes Observing System, which won the new funding from a grant from its parent organization, made real-time data from most of those sensors publically available in a <\/span>centralized online data portal<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"GLOS\"

A growing library of real-time data and other resources are available on the GLOS HAB portal.(Credit: Great Lakes Observing System)<\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cBetween buoys and sondes, it\u2019s around five and a half million data points that are being generated per year,\u201d Verhamme said.<\/span><\/p>\n

The improved network will provide water treatment plants early warnings for an algae problem that, despite national attention, isn\u2019t getting any better. Though Ohio drinking water hasn\u2019t been compromised since 2014, some residents are still skeptical of what\u2019s coming out of their taps. The <\/span>2017 bloom<\/a> was among the most severe since 2000<\/span> in terms of the sheer amount of blue-green algae growing in Lake Erie, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The 2015 bloom was the most severe since 2000 by the same metric.<\/span><\/p>\n

But this year\u2019s bloom was less toxic. The disparity between algae biomass and toxin concentrations has posed a challenge for remote, sensor-based measurements of the blooms, according to Timothy Davis, associate professor of biological sciences at Bowling Green University. To help fill that gap, the NOAA Great Lakes lab <\/span>brought in an Environmental Sample Processor<\/span><\/a>, a cutting-edge moored instrument capable of remotely measuring algae toxin concentrations in the lake.<\/span><\/p>\n

Treatment plants routinely test for toxins in their labs, but they\u2019re testing water that has already arrived at the plant. That could put them a step behind when it comes to adjusting treatment to remove the toxins. Offshore toxin measurements have previously depended on sampling cruises that rarely happen more than once a week. Pigment sensors are a good indicator of algae\u2019s presence, but not necessarily toxicity. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cYou can have pigment concentrations shift over the course of the bloom and yet your toxin concentrations will not,\u201d Davis said. \u201cInstead of proxies, which can underestimate or overestimate risk, we\u2019re measuring concentrations of the toxin itself, which is always ideal.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Davis was part of the team that brought the instrument to Lake Erie in 2015, making it the first ESP to operate in freshwater. He and colleagues at GLERL have spent the past two bloom seasons testing the instrument in the lake, fine-tuning the automated processes that extract and measure the toxins.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"GLOS\"

Sonde measurements of phycocyanin have tracked well with microcystin concentrations at the Toledo water intake. (Credit: Ed Verhamme\/LimnoTech)<\/p><\/div>\n

The new grant will bring an additional ESP to the lake, with more funding from the federal Great Lakes Restoration Initiative covering a third. The ESP can\u2019t house enough raw materials to perform daily toxin tests for the entire bloom season, so three instruments will cover two locations in bloom-prone Maumee Bay while one undergoes maintenance and a restock.<\/span><\/p>\n

The ESPs will be moored where they can intercept toxin-laden water moving toward major intakes. Paired with all the other water quality data being collected around the lake, treatment plant operators and water quality researchers will have an unprecedented characterization of the lake\u2019s bloom ecology and dynamics.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe can utilize all that data, put it together, and get fine-scale resolution on toxin concentrations, pigment concentrations and dissolved oxygen, which is something we\u2019ve never been able to do before,\u201d Davis said. <\/span><\/p>\n

Much of that data will likely be available on the HABs Data Portal operated by the Great Lakes Observing System. GLOS built the tool to meet the immediate need borne from the Toledo crisis to host all of the new monitoring data in an easily accessible, central location. They were committed to updating and maintaining the portal, but the circumstances weren\u2019t ideal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe HABs portal we developed at GLOS was not necessarily something that we planned to do or that we had a budget dedicated for,\u201d said GLOS Executive Director Kelli Paige. \u201cWe were working off the side of our desk a bit and trying to be responsive.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

But the new grant will help GLOS run and improve the portal for the three-year funding period. It also supports work with the Cleveland Water Alliance to engage financial stakeholders to develop a long-term funding model, Paige said. They\u2019ll also be reaching out to users like plant operators to make sure they\u2019re getting the data they need delivered in a way that works for them.<\/span><\/p>\n

There are also plans to expand the portal beyond the data coming in from the growing number of sensors in Lake Erie. That could include, for example, the <\/span>biweekly NOAA HAB Bulletin<\/span><\/a> that describes bloom conditions and forecasts how it might change based on modeled water currents and other factors. There are plenty more projects related to algae blooms and Lake Erie water quality, and more researchers are coming to GLOS to look into how all the data products out there can be collated with contextual data in an updated interface of the HABs portal, Paige said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s validating to see that everyone is naturally coming together around this idea that we should be making the data available \u2014 that is a paradigm shift; that it should be somewhere convenient where everyone can find it; and that GLOS is the place for that.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With a new grant, an ad-hoc monitoring network that sprang up after the Toledo water crisis is maturing into the premier Lake Erie observatory.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":27744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,32,8,1],"tags":[493,60,215,181,346,109,74],"class_list":["post-27741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-lakes-reservoirs","category-newsfeed","category-uncategorized","tag-esp","tag-featured","tag-glos","tag-lake-erie","tag-lakes-reservoirs","tag-news-ticker","tag-noaa"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nLake Erie HAB Monitoring Network Matures to Protect Drinking Water<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With a new grant, an ad-hoc monitoring network that sprang up after the Toledo water crisis is maturing 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