{"id":29420,"date":"2018-05-29T12:56:43","date_gmt":"2018-05-29T16:56:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=29420"},"modified":"2025-10-28T11:08:27","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T15:08:27","slug":"ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm","title":{"rendered":"From Ridgway\u2019s Rails to Snowy Plovers: California\u2019s San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy Inspires Nature Lovers and Researchers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before Bradley Nussbaum started working at <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturecollective.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy<\/a> four and a half years ago where he now serves as Habitat Management Director, he had not held a similar position at another nature reserve. In fact, he was on a completely different career trajectory. \u201cI studied and worked as an optical engineer,\u201d Nussbaum explains. \u201cAfter doing that for a couple years, I realized that what I really wanted was to be outside.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The almost 1,000-acre wetland of the San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve turned out to be just the habitat Nussbaum was looking for. Since 1987, the Reserve has also provided an excellent habitat for over 1,000 species of plants and animals, including the federally endangered Ridgway\u2019s rail and the regionally threatened snowy plover. People are also drawn to the Reserve because of its seven miles of trails for running, hiking, dog walking and spots for nature photography. \u201cIt\u2019s a special place. It\u2019s exceptional in that it hasn\u2019t been developed like everything around it,\u201d says Nussbaum. While the Reserve is an oasis of nature, it is bordered by not one but three cities: Encinitas, Solana Beach and Rancho Santa Fe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy biologists like Nussbaum conduct field monitoring of water quality, six plant communities and wildlife in the San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve. Their data helps to guide their decisions in how to properly manage and restore the reserve. Their data is also used for strategic planning of the San Elijo Lagoon Restoration Project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Water quality monitoring is fundamental to monitoring the overall health of the Lagoon. To keep track of water quality in real time, four multi-parameter sondes are currently used. These are a mixture of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/exo2-water-quality-sonde-rental.htm\">YSI EXO2<\/a> sondes and the older YSI 6600 sondes. \u201cThey are both used for 6-7 week deployments and they give great, reliable data and they have terrific optical sensors,\u201d says Nussbaum. \u201cThese newer sondes are a big improvement over the 600 XLM sondes we used to have, which we could only use reliably for two-week deployments.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are four sonde stations spread throughout the three lagoon basins. The sonde stations allow for continuous water quality monitoring and give a good temporal picture of variations in water quality. Weekly water samplings are also taken using a YSI Pro Plus handheld. \u201cWe get our dissolved oxygen readings at the lowest level of the day, which is at sunrise before photosynthesis starts,\u201d says Nussbaum. \u201cWe start our sampling at the ocean, which is our baseline level. We progress through seven sampling locations down the main channel until the weir which is the edge of the tidal influence.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29424\" style=\"width: 553px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29424\" class=\"wp-image-29424 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_sampling.jpg\" alt=\"san elijo lagoon\" width=\"543\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_sampling.jpg 543w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_sampling-300x215.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 543px) 100vw, 543px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29424\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Tim Stillinger, Scientific Program Director, and Bradley Nussbaum, Habitat Management Director, use Nasco telescoping swing samplers to grab storm water samples which will be analyzed using a Hach 2100Q Portable Turbidity Meter and YSI EcoSense pH10A pH Pen. Location: La Orilla Creek in the San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve (Photo Credit: Jennifer Bright)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main driving force for the character of the lagoon is its incorporation of dissolved oxygen in its waters or lack thereof. \u201cWe do a lot of dissolved oxygen monitoring because it has such a big impact on the life in the lagoon,\u201d says Nussbaum. \u201cWe are especially concerned about hypoxic conditions.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lagoon is hemmed in by a railroad, the I-5 highway and the Pacific Coast Highway 101 (PCH-101). Especially noteworthy was that the PCH-101 was built right over lagoon dune structures. \u201cAll of those really affect water flow into the lagoon,\u201d Nussbaum notes. Another influence on the dissolved oxygen levels in the lagoon was a nearby wastewater treatment plant, which in the 1970s sent treated sewage effluent into the lagoon. \u201cBack then, the lagoon was reported to smell pretty bad, as you might imagine,\u201d Nussbaum adds. \u201cThe fact that the lagoon inlet was closed almost year round, from the 1950s to the 1990s, didn\u2019t help matters either. Being closed meant little water circulation, more potential for anoxic conditions and there were high nutrient sediments too, it wasn\u2019t getting circulated and would just sit there\u2026stinking.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This state of affairs changed in the 1990s when concerned conservationists began to try restoring tidal circulation into the lagoon. From 1994 to 1999 there were experiments in opening the lagoon inlet. \u201cSince 2000, we\u2019ve had the current tidal circulation program in effect,\u201d says Nussbaum. \u201cIt\u2019s made a big difference. Lagoon water circulation is much better, and the health of the lagoon ecosystems have really rebounded in big ways.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Environmental monitoring turned out to be a key component in improving water quality in the lagoon. \u201cOur earliest handheld monitoring data in 1992 was an important part of the driving force behind lagoon improvement,\u201d Nussbaum attests. \u201cOur annual inlet excavation permit now requires us to continually monitor the lagoon. We are documenting the improved lagoon conditions every day we gather data.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The improvement in conditions, however, does not mean today\u2019s lagoon inlet is always open. \u201cEach year, the lagoon inlet accumulates sand after winter storm cycles, and each year the San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy excavates the sand from the opening. In 2016 and 2018, the inlet closed prior to the planned inlet excavation due to storms,\u201d Nussbaum recalls. \u201cWe had to do emergency excavation to reopen the inlet. The emergency excavation was necessary because it can only take about five days of closure for the lagoon to become anoxic. That\u2019s when you start seeing major die offs of fish and other creatures. So of course we want to avoid that if we can.\u201d Gathering data is key to preventing mass species deaths. \u201cOur water quality monitoring is what gives us insight into what conditions are and how we should respond,\u201d Nussbaum emphasizes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excavating the lagoon is not a small operation that a single person can do. \u201cWe need a front-end loader and an excavator to do emergency excavating,\u201d says Nussbaum. Since 2000, annual maintenance has been performed on the lagoon to keep the inlet open and circulation healthy. \u201cIt\u2019s a seven day task,\u201d Nussbaum explains. \u201cWe need a front-end loader, two excavators and three dump trucks. Altogether, we move about 25,000 cubic yards of sand out of the inlet.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29422\" style=\"width: 506px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29422\" class=\"wp-image-29422 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_-allison-copy.jpg\" alt=\"san elijo lagoon\" width=\"496\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_-allison-copy.jpg 496w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_-allison-copy-218x300.jpg 218w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29422\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Alison Fretwell, SELC water quality intern, chest wades to retrieve a YSI 6600 V2 data sonde. Location: At the weir in the San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve. (Photo Credit: Bradley Nussbaum)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lagoon inlet maintenance resulted in an increase in habitat quality for the lagoon, until about 2008. \u201cAt that point, we hit a quality plateau,\u201d Nussbaum mentions. \u201cWe\u2019ve gone way down in bacteria count and the problem we once had with the lagoon smell is much less. Cardiff State Beach, for instance, almost always had high bacteria warnings but since 2008 that rarely happens now.\u201d While the historic problems of sedimentation, bacteria, and anoxic conditions were greatly reduced, there was still room for improvement, especially in regards to dissolved oxygen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, in December 2017, $120 million in Transnet funds was approved for the San Elijo Lagoon Restoration project. By removing accumulated sediment from the lagoon channels and making the channels deeper and wider, tidal circulation will improve in the future. Goals also include increasing the tidal flow and increasing the size of the tidal prism. Also, there is a plan to dredge nutrient-rich sediment which should help eliminate one of the main drivers of low dissolved oxygen. \u201cWe would like to achieve an improvement on the baseline data we have for dissolved oxygen,\u201d says Nussbaum. \u201cWe would like to see hypoxic conditions to become an issue of the past. When the San Elijo Lagoon Restoration Project is complete, it will change things for the better for the lagoon,\u201d says Nussbaum. \u201cTidal circulation will be restored in the East and West basins.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As part of the San Elijo Restoration Project, the Lagoon Conservancy is implementing the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). To monitor storm water pollution, several pieces of equipment will be employed, including a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/hach-2100q-portable-turbidity-meter.htm\">Hach 2100 Q<\/a> portable turbidity meter and a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/ysi-ecosense-ph10a-ph-pen.htm\">YSI EcoSense pH10A<\/a> pH pen. The project will also be measuring weekly the intersection of where the lagoon waters enter the Pacific Ocean. \u201cI will be paddling out with my EXO2 on a weekly basis for the next two years to take readings from beyond the surf zone,\u201d Nussbaum says.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Additionally, more adaptive water quality management techniques are coming to the lagoon. \u201cWe will be ordering submersible <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nexsens.com\/products\/data-loggers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NEXSENS SDL-V2<\/a> which will provide live data from one of the sonde stations,\u201d Nussbaum adds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Besides all the water quality monitoring work, San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy has a wealth of other foci for environmental monitoring. \u201cWe\u2019re home to the Ridgway\u2019s rail, a federally endangered bird,\u201d Nussbaum points out. \u201cBirds here are monitored on a monthly and seasonal basis, depending on the survey series. Along with Ridgway\u2019s rail, visitors to San Elijo might see some birds that are endangered in California, including Belding\u2019s savannah sparrow, California gnatcatcher, Least Bell\u2019s vireo and Southwestern willow flycatcher. If they are lucky, they may even see some nationally endangered birds like the least tern and the snowy plover.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29425\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29425\" class=\"wp-image-29425 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_wildllife-600x400.jpg\" alt=\"san elijo lagoon\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_wildllife-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_wildllife-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/EDIT_ridgeway_wildllife.jpg 648w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29425\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Photo is of an adult and juvenile Ridgway\u2019s Rail in the morning at San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve (Photo Credit: Jim Elliot)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nussbaum isn\u2019t the only one doing environmental monitoring at San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy. There are also six regular staff members and multiple contract biologists for the San Elijo Lagoon Restoration Project. In addition, there is also significant community involvement in habitat restoration. Community members involved in the Conservancy\u2019s community volunteer program called \u201cLagoon Platoon\u201d meet for habitat restoration work every Wednesday morning. There is also a Saturday event every month, which includes community members of most ages. Nussbaum estimates that there are around 1,000 volunteers every year. \u201cVolunteers help us in many ways. For example, they help us put in plants for coastal sage restoration and they help us with restoring riparian areas. Some of the events they do are weekly, with a diversity of age ranges participating,\u201d he says. College students often come from nearby Mira Costa Community College, California State University at San Marcos and University of California San Diego. San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy also participates in about 3-5 internships for college students each year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nussbaum plans on staying in his favorite habitat for years to come. San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy continues to be a big positive in his life as a researcher, and it still manages to surprise him. \u201cI like our approach to water quality and habitat management here,\u201d he notes. \u201cThere are also things that challenge my assumptions. I still haven\u2019t figured out, for example, why our historic data set has no California gnatcatchers, but now we have them. I\u2019m also amazed by some of the changes I\u2019ve seen. Last year we had lots of rain, and my turbidity meter went over 200! That\u2019s the highest I\u2019ve seen during a storm event. Also, we had a big storm in February 2017, and this one day storm gave me the highest depth readings on my sonde by over a foot.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In summary, San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy continues to impress Nussbaum with its uniqueness. \u201cI think it\u2019s great this lagoon reserve has been protected. There is such a lack of coastal lagoons, and it\u2019s so special to me that we still have this one. There were plans to develop it as long ago as the 1970s, but it\u2019s managed to survive. It\u2019s great that it\u2019s still here, that it\u2019s still this pristine place, even though it\u2019s surrounded by development on all sides. That\u2019s what makes it special. I hope people will come visit it and see its uniqueness for themselves.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An oasis of nature surrounding by developments, San Elijo Lagoon\u2019s future is brighter than ever, thanks to environmental monitoring and conservation efforts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":29433,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,7,44,510],"tags":[651,60,652,109,649,650,503],"class_list":["post-29420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-news","category-oceans-coasts","category-water-quality","tag-environmental-monitoring","tag-featured","tag-lagoon","tag-news-ticker","tag-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy","tag-san-elijo-lagoon-ecological-reserve","tag-water-quality"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>From Ridgway\u2019s Rails to Snowy Plovers: California\u2019s San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy Inspires Nature Lovers and Researchers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An oasis of nature surrounding by developments, San Elijo Lagoon\u2019s future is brighter than ever, thanks to environmental monitoring and conservation efforts.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From Ridgway\u2019s Rails to Snowy Plovers: California\u2019s San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy Inspires Nature Lovers and Researchers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"An oasis of nature surrounding by developments, San Elijo Lagoon\u2019s future is brighter than ever, thanks to environmental monitoring and conservation efforts.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Environmental Monitor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-05-29T16:56:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-28T15:08:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/mattsonde2-e1527609925156.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"426\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"340\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lori Balster\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Lori Balster\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Lori Balster\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/cc098253ffd6cd9f653771a15dbd57df\"},\"headline\":\"From Ridgway\u2019s Rails to Snowy Plovers: California\u2019s San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy Inspires Nature Lovers and Researchers\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-05-29T16:56:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-28T15:08:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm\"},\"wordCount\":1983,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/ridgways-rails-snowy-plovers-californias-san-elijo-lagoon-conservancy-inspires-nature-lovers-researchers.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/05\\\/mattsonde2-e1527609925156.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"environmental monitoring\",\"featured\",\"lagoon\",\"news ticker\",\"San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy\",\"San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve\",\"water quality\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Featured Articles\",\"News\",\"Oceans &amp; 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Location: Near Nature Center Loop Trail in the San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve. (Photo Credit: Bradley Nussbaum)\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/\",\"name\":\"Environmental Monitor\",\"description\":\"Application and technology news for environmental professionals\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/cc098253ffd6cd9f653771a15dbd57df\",\"name\":\"Lori Balster\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0c8139da2000d0ce1a5dc0049226e06fde3164eb8794393883c36a7e0d158d8f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0c8139da2000d0ce1a5dc0049226e06fde3164eb8794393883c36a7e0d158d8f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0c8139da2000d0ce1a5dc0049226e06fde3164eb8794393883c36a7e0d158d8f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Lori Balster\"},\"description\":\"Lori Balster is a writer, consultant, and nature enthusiast based in Dayton, OH. 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