{"id":29602,"date":"2018-06-21T11:16:09","date_gmt":"2018-06-21T15:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=29602"},"modified":"2025-02-17T14:20:16","modified_gmt":"2025-02-17T18:20:16","slug":"narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm","title":{"rendered":"Narragansett Nature: Remote NERR is a leader in salt marsh stressor studies, crab studies and contributions to Rhode Island environmental policies"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unique among the 29 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/coast.noaa.gov\/nerrs\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Estuarine Research Reserves <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(NERRS), <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/nbnerr.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Narragansett Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (NBNERR<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) is made up of four islands: Prudence, Patience, Hope and Dyer. Protecting about 4,400 acres of land and water, NBNERR is a great place to see a variety of coastal habitats. There are upland maritime forests, coastal pine barrens, sandy beaches, cobble shorelines, salt marshes and open grasslands. NBNERR also has excellent hiking, fishing, clamming and bird watching. \u201cIf you want to see us, though, you\u2019ll need to hop on a ferry,\u201d says <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/robert-stankelis-221b0518\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bob Stankelis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, NBNERR Reserve Manager. \u201cOr you\u2019ll have to take a boat. We\u2019re not that easy to get to. But to be honest, that\u2019s one of the big things residents here like about it: its remoteness.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Residents are few in this Rhode Island nature reserve. There are also few tourists and researchers, and the development of the area is minimal. Not surprisingly, the small human footprint has allowed the wilderness and wildlife to flourish.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bob Stankelis has worked at NBNERR since 2005. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/nbnerr.org\/research-and-monitoring\/research-monitoring-staff\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kenny Raposa<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, NBNERR Research Coordinator, has worked at the NERR since 2000. They have both watched as the NERR has retained its remote, wild character but also changed over time. \u201cWe collect data using the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/deq.nc.gov\/about\/divisions\/coastal-management\/nc-coastal-reserve\/research\/system-wide-monitoring-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">System Wide Monitoring Program<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (SWMP) protocols that other NERRS use,\u201d says Raposa. \u201cBut we do some other monitoring that sets us apart, such as salt marsh stressor research. We were actually one of the first NERR sites to conduct salt marsh stressor research. Before we started, there just weren\u2019t many good datasets that showed how salt marshes respond to climate changes and other environmental stressors.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In terms of SWMP abiotic data, NBNERR researchers gather information on water quality such as: dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, salinity, chlorophyll fluorescence and turbidity. Data are taken every 15 minutes using <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/ysi-exo2-multi-parameter-water-quality-sonde.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">YSI EXO2 sondes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which are all upgrades from the previously used YSI 6600 sondes. There are four water quality monitoring stations at NBNERR: Potter Cove, Nag Creek, T-Wharf Surface and T-Wharf Bottom. Two sondes are used per station, for a total of eight sondes. \u201cSondes stay out longer during winter when they do not foul as quickly,\u201d says Stankelis. \u201cThey are often out for a month, but sometimes just for a couple weeks, depending on conditions. We have definitely seen that the EXO2s have been giving us better accuracy and better data over a longer period than the YSI 6600 sondes.\u201d Abiotic data have been collected at NBNERR since 1995.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29595\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29595\" class=\"size-large wp-image-29595\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_daisy-600x433.jpg\" alt=\"Naturally Narragansett\" width=\"600\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_daisy-600x433.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_daisy-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_daisy-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_daisy.jpg 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29595\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Dr. Daisy Durant deploying the YSI EXO data-sonde as part of the SWMP program. (Credit: Nia Bartolucci)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to these data, since 2002 the researchers have been performing a complementary nutrient study using water samples that are gathered monthly and analyzed at the lab. The nutrient sampling includes monthly grab sampling at all four water quality monitoring stations and diel sampling (24-hour sampling that includes a full day and night cycle) at a single site monthly. All grab and diel samples are analyzed for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphates, silicates and chlorophyll a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weather monitoring, also part of SWMP, has been conducted since 2001 from the weather station on Prudence Island. Data on wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and precipitation are collected every 15 minutes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s the additional research done at NBNERR; however, that really sets it apart. \u201cThe salt marsh stressor monitoring was pioneering work,\u201d says Raposa. \u201cWe use a sentinel site and we collect a wide suite of data. For about ten years, we\u2019ve been looking at how salt marshes respond to sea level rise and to other environmental stressors.\u201d Additional salt marsh research projects have included a before-after-control-impact field experiment to quantify the effects of excavating new drainage channels to alleviate marsh waterlogging, a multi-year collaborative research project with EPA in Narragansett, RI to better understand causes and effects of expanding crab populations on RI marshes and a multi-reserve collaboration to develop a new tool for quantifying and comparing relative marsh resilience to sea-level rise. \u201cThe national scale of the sentinel sites allows us to look at marsh resilience across the country,\u201d Raposa emphasizes.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29606\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29606\" class=\"size-large wp-image-29606\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR-600x800.jpg\" alt=\"Naturally Narragansett\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR-600x800.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR-940x1253.jpg 940w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_NERR.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29606\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Seasonal research assistant Cassie Bradley setting water level data loggers. (Credit: NBNERR staff)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crab monitoring has also been a focus at NBNERR. \u201cWe\u2019ve seen rapid increases in crabs, and we\u2019re not alone,\u201d says Raposa. \u201cNew England, Maine and California, all over the country, sea levels have been rising and that has helped crab populations. The crabs do better.\u201d Due to the national scale of the NERRS sentinel site data, it is possible to see these national trends for crabs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raposa also wanted to draw attention to specific crab research efforts that have been made possible only through NERRS cooperation. \u201cWe were able to get data in 2017 from 14 reserves across the country for crab burrow counts and pitfall traps. We\u2019re hoping to have the draft paper by fall,\u201d he says. Recently, Environmental Monitor did a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/beaches-moths-reynolds-mansion-sapelo-island-nerr-shows-off-historic-beauty.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">feature<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on Sapelo Island NERR, one of the participating reserves.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cGenerally, blue crabs have been migrating North as temperatures warm,\u201d says Raposa. \u201cOther species, such as marsh fiddler crabs, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uca pugnax<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, also have been migrating to higher ground within the same latitude.\u201d A challenge with doing crab research is the lack of good data to compare current data against. Sometimes no quantitative data for the crabs exist. \u201cFor example, look at burrow counts,\u201d says Raposa. \u201cWe believe there\u2019s been a significant increase in the crab population, but it\u2019s harder to show that if you don\u2019t have a lot of collected data to compare against. Cathleen Wigand did a study in 1998 in the same site where we did our study. She only saw three burrows. In 2016 we saw 40. So that would suggest a pretty significant increase. But of course, it would have been great if we could have had more data to compare our crab data with.\u201d Crab data are typically taken early summer to fall, generally June to September. \u201cIn 2015, we did a regional crab survey,\u201d says Raposa. \u201cIn 2017, we did a national survey.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While NBNERR is a remote reserve, its research is not done in isolation. \u201cIt\u2019s incredibly important to note we are working with partners,\u201d says Stankelis. In addition to the mutual benefits NBNERR gives and receives from other NERRS, local Rhode Island organizations actively collaborate with the NBNERR to help inform local environmental decisions. \u201cOur data helps organizations like the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management, Narragansett Bay Commission and the Coastal Resources Management Council decide what courses of action to take when environmental issues are being discussed.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29593\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29593\" class=\"size-large wp-image-29593\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDITNar_bay_img-600x450.jpg\" alt=\"Naturally Narragansett\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDITNar_bay_img-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDITNar_bay_img-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDITNar_bay_img-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDITNar_bay_img.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29593\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Coggeshall Marsh, Prudence Island, sentinel marsh site. (Credit: NBNERR staff)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NBNERR has eight full-time employees and one research intern, who typically serves for six months as well as two seasonal naturalists who assist with educational programming. \u201cDr. Daisy Durant focuses on the abiotic part of SWMP at NBNERR, Kenny focuses on the salt marsh monitoring and Robin Weber\u2019s focus is the coastal stewardship,\u201d says Stankelis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his time at NBNERR, Stankelis has noticed some changes in the Rhode Island reserve. \u201cWe\u2019ve seen climate change impacts across the board,\u201d he observes. \u201cThe sea level rise has been very evident. The water keeps getting higher and higher. We\u2019ve definitely seen vegetation changes and structural changes. We\u2019ve also seen changes in precipitation. It also seems like changes have been accelerating.\u201d Raposa agrees. He notes other changes as well. \u201cWe\u2019ve seen reserve system growth. The NERRS system has expanded. NBNERR is recognized as a leader. So those have been positive changes. But yes, we\u2019ve not only seen effects of climate change, but also that sea level rise is accelerating.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raposa sees many reasons to be positive. \u201cWe\u2019re glad we have the NERRS program. It gives us flexibility and resources that many organizations don\u2019t have. We can take advantage of many opportunities.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stankelis adds, \u201cSomething I\u2019ve noticed about working at the reserve and in Rhode Island is that people here are passionate about protecting the shorelines and the environment. They\u2019re passionate about preserving local property and are willing to put money and time into those efforts.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reflecting on his career at NBNERR, Raposa is surprised. \u201cI\u2019m surprised I\u2019m still here,\u201d he laughs. \u201cNot everyone gets to spend their career studying salt marshes. That\u2019s what I\u2019ve always worked on. I graduated from the University of Rhode Island\u2019s Graduate School of Oceanography, and I\u2019ve always focused on salt marshes.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cI\u2019m from Connecticut,\u201d says Stankelis. \u201cI like how people here in Rhode Island really care about our reserve. I\u2019m grateful to work here.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe\u2019re a small state,\u201d Raposa adds. \u201cIt\u2019s fun to work with the people here in Rhode Island. It\u2019s small enough that we all know each other. I love the reserve and the people here.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Top image:\u00a0Dr. Kenny Raposa using a marsh surface elevation table to measure marsh accretion, part of marsh sentinel site program. (Credit: NBNERR staff)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Narragansett Bay NERR in Rhode Island provides a variety of habitats ranging from coastal pine barrens to sandy beaches. Pioneering research in salt marsh stressors and a focus on crab monitoring  are some of the special features of NBNERR work.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":29596,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,59,5,8],"tags":[733,737,739,734,731,732,738,735,736],"class_list":["post-29602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aquatic_species-htm","category-estuaries-wetlands","category-featured-articles","category-newsfeed","tag-bob-stankelis","tag-crab-research","tag-estuaries","tag-kenny-raposa","tag-national-estuarine-research-reserves","tag-nbnerr","tag-prudence-island","tag-system-wide-monitoring-program-swmp","tag-weather-monitoring"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Narragansett Nature: Remote NERR is a leader in salt marsh stressor studies, crab studies and contributions to Rhode Island environmental policies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Narragansett Bay NERR in Rhode Island provides a variety of habitats ranging from coastal pine barrens to sandy beaches. Pioneering research in salt marsh stressors and a focus on crab monitoring are some of the special features of NBNERR work.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Narragansett Nature: Remote NERR is a leader in salt marsh stressor studies, crab studies and contributions to Rhode Island environmental policies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Narragansett Bay NERR in Rhode Island provides a variety of habitats ranging from coastal pine barrens to sandy beaches. Pioneering research in salt marsh stressors and a focus on crab monitoring are some of the special features of NBNERR work.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Environmental Monitor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-06-21T15:16:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-17T18:20:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/EDIT_NarBay_Ken.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lori Balster\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Lori Balster\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Lori Balster\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/cc098253ffd6cd9f653771a15dbd57df\"},\"headline\":\"Narragansett Nature: Remote NERR is a leader in salt marsh stressor studies, crab studies and contributions to Rhode Island environmental policies\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-21T15:16:09+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-17T18:20:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm\"},\"wordCount\":1543,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/narragansett-nature-remote-nerr-is-a-leader-in-salt-marsh-stressor-studies-crab-studies-and-contributions-to-rhode-island-environmental-policies.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/EDIT_NarBay_Ken.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Bob Stankelis\",\"crab research\",\"estuaries\",\"Kenny Raposa\",\"National Estuarine Research Reserves\",\"NBNERR\",\"Prudence Island\",\"System Wide Monitoring Program (SWMP)\",\"weather monitoring\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Aquatic Species\",\"Estuaries &amp; 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