{"id":29674,"date":"2018-07-02T09:59:08","date_gmt":"2018-07-02T13:59:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=29674"},"modified":"2022-07-20T10:16:45","modified_gmt":"2022-07-20T14:16:45","slug":"carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm","title":{"rendered":"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Researchers from Shinshu University in Japan have used carbon nanotubes to develop robust reverse osmosis membranes that can withstand water desalination on a large scale. <\/span>This technology<\/span><\/a> may be able to improve efficiency and reduce the costs of desalination in a world experiencing a growing need for clean water. <\/span>Morinobu Endo<\/span><\/a>, a distinguished professor at <\/span>Shinshu University<\/span><\/a> and the <\/span>Institute of Carbon Science and Technology<\/span><\/a>‘s Honorary Director, corresponded with <\/span>EM<\/span><\/i> about this research.<\/span><\/p>\n

Desalination and reverse osmosis technology<\/span><\/h2>\n

Although researchers have been developing reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology for decades, our world is changing rapidly. Novel threats such as stressed urban water supplies and climate change challenge conventional water treatment and supply systems.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thin film composite systems are what typically make up reverse osmosis membranes, and these use an active layer of polymer film to stop unwanted substances, including salt, from moving through a permeable substrate. These membranes can produce water for irrigation or drinking, but they are expensive, with regard to both financial cost and energy use. Dr. Endo and the team are applying nanotechnology to this problem.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOur group has a recognized expertise in carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), which we successfully used for developing reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for improved water desalination processes,\u201d explains Dr. Endo. \u201cOur motivation was to overcome some of the drawbacks of the conventional membrane technology, such as the robustness against chlorine degradation and propensity to fouling. We already know that CNTs often improve the chemical resistance of polymers, and recently we found they are also excellent additives for polyamide (PA) RO membranes.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Keeping a technology like desalination affordable means that membranes must be robust in terms of efficiency of separation, and stable, withstanding the harsh conditions cleaning treatments create. To solve the problem, Endo and his team developed a multi-walled nanocomposite membrane composed of polyamide and carbon nanotubes, which resists chlorine. Degradation caused by chlorine is among the main causes of RO membrane failures, but the additional carbon nanotubes stabilize the polyamide’s linked molecules, protecting the membrane against chlorine.<\/span><\/p>\n

This RO membrane purifies water, removing other contaminants, not just salt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe addition of CNT does not negatively affect the rejection of salt and other contaminants,\u201d details Dr. Endo. \u201cThe PA-based RO membrane technology is widely used as the most efficient way to remove dissolved ions in water. Since the RO principle does not change for our CNT nanocomposite membranes, they are able to remove all the other contaminants from water that conventional RO membranes do.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Carbon

AFM images of MWCNT-PA nanocomposite membranes. The 3D views are shown for samples before (left) and after (right) chlorine exposure. From top to bottom the rows show samples of plain PA, 9.5 wt.% and 20 wt.% MWCNT-PA for analysis. The average roughness (R a ) exhibits the different degradation behavior as a function of MWCNT content within the nanocomposite membranes. (Credit: Copyright 2018, Springer Nature, Licensed under CC BY 4.0, https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-21192-5\/figures\/2)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Scaling up, moving forward<\/span><\/h3>\n

The team is now working to expand and stabilize the processing and production of these multi-walled carbon nanotube-polyamide nanocomposite membranes.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere are several key steps within the whole nanocomposite membrane fabrication process, such as CNT dispersion, active layer adhesion to support membrane, post-fabrication surface treatment, etc., which become very critical when moving from laboratory scale membrane production to pilot scale membrane production,\u201d Dr. Endo states. \u201cThese steps need to be carefully engineered for continuous membrane production.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Scaling up the method of synthesis will start with pilot plants.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe would set up pilot plants for nanocomposite membrane fabrication, where each step of our original process developed in lab is being implemented in large scale,\u201d Dr. Endo describes. \u201cThe membrane fabrication, which in the starting research phase was done manually, is being implemented by an automated and continuous process, as conventional RO polymeric membranes are produced. These larger membranes are obtaining similar filtration performance as the smaller ones made in the laboratory.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The team also plans to collaborate with others to produce commercial membranes based on their new technology. The <\/span>Japan Science and Technology Agency<\/span><\/a> supports the research and is now supporting the team into the scaling-up phase. \u201cAccording to our roadmap, the project is progressing,\u201d adds Dr. Endo.<\/span><\/p>\n

This nanocomposite membrane resists chlorine, and then removes the dissolved chlorine ions from the water during the RO process, as typical polymeric RO membranes do. The material can also be adjusted to remove other kinds of molecules.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe are working to adjust the composition in our nanocomposite membrane in order to efficiently remove boron, which is difficult to separate,\u201d remarks Dr. Endo. \u201cBoron in irrigation water can be harmful for some crops. In the case of other molecules, such as dyes and complex chemicals, RO membranes can remove them efficiently, given that the sizes of such contaminant molecules are larger than the pores in RO membranes, making their passage extremely difficult.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Moving forward, Dr. Endo and the team are going to improve and continue to develop the membrane.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe incorporation of CNT to any polymeric matrix to form a nanocomposite is not an easy task, given the many factors such as CNT properties, dispersion fabrication, and membrane methodology that need to be tuned,\u201d states Dr. Endo. \u201cWe are constantly improving all the conditions to obtain better membranes.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Top image: SEM images of MWCNT-PA (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Polyamide) nanocomposite membranes, for plain PA, and PA with 5, 9.5, 12.5, 15.5, 17 and 20 wt.% of MWCNT, where the typical lobe-like structures appear at the surface. Note the tendency towards a flatter membrane surface as the content of MWCNT increases. Scale bar corresponds to 1.0\u03bcm for all the micrographs. (Credit: Copyright 2018, Springer Nature, Licensed under CC BY 4.0, https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/multimedia\/pub\/167626.php?from=390445)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":29677,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,7,8,52,510],"tags":[769,581,103,109,771,768,770,513],"class_list":["post-29674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monitoring_tech-htm","category-news","category-newsfeed","category-technology","category-water-quality","tag-carbon-nanotubes","tag-desalination","tag-news-2","tag-news-ticker","tag-polyamide-pa-ro-membranes","tag-reverse-osmosis","tag-shinshu-university","tag-water-treatment"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nCarbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Environmental Monitor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-07-02T13:59:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-20T14:16:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"708\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"488\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Karla Lant\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Karla Lant\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Karla Lant\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b\"},\"headline\":\"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-07-02T13:59:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-20T14:16:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\"},\"wordCount\":963,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/07\\\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"carbon nanotubes\",\"desalination\",\"news\",\"news ticker\",\"polyamide (PA) RO membranes\",\"reverse osmosis\",\"Shinshu University\",\"water treatment\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Monitoring Technology\",\"News\",\"Newsfeed\",\"Technology\",\"Water Quality\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\",\"name\":\"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/07\\\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-07-02T13:59:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-20T14:16:45+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b\"},\"description\":\"A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/07\\\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/07\\\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg\",\"width\":708,\"height\":488,\"caption\":\"SEM images of MWCNT-PA (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Polyamide) nanocomposite membranes, for plain PA, and PA with 5, 9.5, 12.5, 15.5, 17 and 20 wt.% of MWCNT, where the typical lobe-like structures appear at the surface. Note the tendency towards a flatter membrane surface as the content of MWCNT increases. Scale bar corresponds to 1.0\u03bcm for all the micrographs. (Credit: Copyright 2018, Springer Nature, Licensed under CC BY 4.0, https:\\\/\\\/www.eurekalert.org\\\/multimedia\\\/pub\\\/167626.php?from=390445)\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/\",\"name\":\"Environmental Monitor\",\"description\":\"Application and technology news for environmental professionals\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b\",\"name\":\"Karla Lant\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/60e8c0668d383b138552b06b36f51c157a5568de8402f8dead418c4bc55c2fec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/60e8c0668d383b138552b06b36f51c157a5568de8402f8dead418c4bc55c2fec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/60e8c0668d383b138552b06b36f51c157a5568de8402f8dead418c4bc55c2fec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Karla Lant\"},\"description\":\"Karla Lant is a professional freelance science writer and a member of the Society of Environmental Journalists. She also covers other scientific and medical stories as well as technology.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/author\\\/karlalant\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes","description":"A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes","og_description":"A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm","og_site_name":"Environmental Monitor","article_published_time":"2018-07-02T13:59:08+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-07-20T14:16:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":708,"height":488,"url":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Karla Lant","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Karla Lant","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm"},"author":{"name":"Karla Lant","@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b"},"headline":"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes","datePublished":"2018-07-02T13:59:08+00:00","dateModified":"2022-07-20T14:16:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm"},"wordCount":963,"commentCount":1,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg","keywords":["carbon nanotubes","desalination","news","news ticker","polyamide (PA) RO membranes","reverse osmosis","Shinshu University","water treatment"],"articleSection":["Monitoring Technology","News","Newsfeed","Technology","Water Quality"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm","url":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm","name":"Carbon Nanotube Technology for Robust Desalination Membranes","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg","datePublished":"2018-07-02T13:59:08+00:00","dateModified":"2022-07-20T14:16:45+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b"},"description":"A research team has developed robust reverse osmosis membranes using carbon nanotubes and polyamide that resist the rigors of the cleaning process cheaply.","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/carbon-nanotube-technology-for-robust-desalination-membranes.htm#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/carbon_SEM_imageEdit.jpg","width":708,"height":488,"caption":"SEM images of MWCNT-PA (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Polyamide) nanocomposite membranes, for plain PA, and PA with 5, 9.5, 12.5, 15.5, 17 and 20 wt.% of MWCNT, where the typical lobe-like structures appear at the surface. Note the tendency towards a flatter membrane surface as the content of MWCNT increases. Scale bar corresponds to 1.0\u03bcm for all the micrographs. (Credit: Copyright 2018, Springer Nature, Licensed under CC BY 4.0, https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/multimedia\/pub\/167626.php?from=390445)"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/","name":"Environmental Monitor","description":"Application and technology news for environmental professionals","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b","name":"Karla Lant","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/60e8c0668d383b138552b06b36f51c157a5568de8402f8dead418c4bc55c2fec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/60e8c0668d383b138552b06b36f51c157a5568de8402f8dead418c4bc55c2fec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/60e8c0668d383b138552b06b36f51c157a5568de8402f8dead418c4bc55c2fec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Karla Lant"},"description":"Karla Lant is a professional freelance science writer and a member of the Society of Environmental Journalists. She also covers other scientific and medical stories as well as technology.","url":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/author\/karlalant"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29674"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36887,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29674\/revisions\/36887"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}