{"id":30742,"date":"2018-11-29T10:52:50","date_gmt":"2018-11-29T14:52:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=30742"},"modified":"2022-08-04T12:19:04","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T16:19:04","slug":"james-h-barrow-field-station-research-explores-stream-restoration-and-redirected-stream-life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/james-h-barrow-field-station-research-explores-stream-restoration-and-redirected-stream-life.htm","title":{"rendered":"James H. Barrow Field Station Research Explores Stream Restoration and Redirected Stream Life"},"content":{"rendered":"

While ecological researchers are naturally curious about the impacts of various forces on creatures living in stream ecosystems, they don\u2019t necessarily want to disturb those ecosystems in order to find out the effects of various outside factors, such as anthropogenic influences. In those cases, sometimes the best thing to do is restore damaged systems. \u201cDavey Tree did the mechanical construction of our restored stream at <\/span>James H. Barrow Field Station<\/span><\/a>,\u201d says <\/span>Jennifer Clark<\/span><\/a>, Associate Professor of Biology at Hiram College in Ohio, and also Director of Academic Programs at the J. H. Barrow Field Station, a member of the Organization of Biological Field Stations (<\/span>OBFS<\/span><\/a>). \u201cWe purchased the land through grant funding and identified what project might be best to help improve ecosystem health.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Clark has been teaching and doing research at Hiram since 2012. \u201cThe stream restoration project is only a few years old. Before we acquired the land that now has our restored stream, it was heavily logged. The field station director at the time determined that stream restoration was something that would help improve the land on the property,\u201d Clark explains.<\/span><\/p>\n

The town of Garrettsville, below the acquired property, experiences flooding problems due to land changes from logging and agriculture in the watershed, as well as a dam in the town. \u201cIn order to mitigate that problem, the goal was to reconnect Eagle Creek through the area to the floodplain. They also felt that over time we would start getting a return of canopy cover and an improvement in the animal life we saw,\u201d Clark adds.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"stream\"

Kailey Cooper (left) and Patricia Bohls (right) measure current velocity of Silver Creek using a handheld flow meter (Credit: Jennifer Clark)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Their approach was to use modified natural channel design, or re-meandering, to correct the flooding. A new channel was dug out, parallel to the main channel, to reflect a more meandering stream. The old main channel was blocked with sediment and now exists as a wetland. \u201cWhen a stream has good meandering, energy is dissipated, and the water flow slows down,\u201d explains Clark. \u201cThe overall effect is less flooding downstream.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

After arriving at Hiram, Clark lost no time collecting aquatic data. \u201cI had some time to collect data before we diverted the stream in 2013,\u201d she recalls. \u201cOne of the things we want to keep an eye on is how physical parameters change.\u201d Canopy cover, stream substrate and stream depth were some factors of interest in the study of stream-environment physical parameter differences. \u201cThe re-meandered channel has a shallower water depth, sandy substrate and clay, along with no canopy cover,\u201d says Clark.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stream ecosystem data collection included macroinvertebrate sampling; including insects, snails and aquatic worms. This sampling combined the use of aquatic D-frame nets, pans, and wash bottles with ethanol to perform macroinvertebrate collection within the restored channel of Eagle Creek. Fish and crayfish sampling in Eagle Creek was accomplished using a Smith-Root LR-24 backpack electrofisher and dipnets, measuring current velocity using a handheld Hach\u00ae flow meter (<\/span>Model FH950.0<\/span><\/a>) and <\/span>wading rod<\/span><\/a>; an Ecotester for pH; and a <\/span>YSI handheld meter<\/span><\/a> for temperature and dissolved oxygen data.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"stream\"

Alyssa Roberts and Kayla Cornett perform macroinvertebrate collection within the restored channel of Eagle Creek. (Credit: Jennifer Clark)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Following the creation of the new channel, Clark and her colleagues observed in the downstream monitoring that there was a loss of sensitive fish. There was also an increase in tolerant fish. Common species, such as the creek chub, have had a good recovery. However, an overall decrease in adult fish occurred as well as a higher percentage of juveniles. The upstream control did not change during the same period. \u201cAgain, these data were taken after only 1-3 years,\u201d Clark emphasizes. \u201cThe literature suggests that recovery of fish populations in an altered stream can take as much as 15 to 20 years.\u201d On the other hand, macroinvertebrates have had a good recovery after only a year.<\/span><\/p>\n

In addition to all the Eagle Creek re-meandering research projects, Clark has been involved in research on controlled burn land management and its effects on butterfly populations. \u201cThere are many types of butterflies we are monitoring,\u201d says Clark. \u201cPearl crescents, monarchs, tiger swallowtails and cabbage whites are some of the typical ones we look for.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Snakes are also monitored and include garter, red-bellied, eastern milk and brown. Cover boards have been placed at the field station for them to colonize under, with research being conducted as to whether plywood vs. metal cover boards works best.<\/span><\/p>\n

Other research going on at Hiram includes an ornithologist studying bird populations at the field station, who is teaming up with computer science students to develop devices for tracking bird movements. There are also studies on animal breeding, air quality and climate change using drones.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"stream\"

Neil Zook, Mary Benjamin, Meredith Fitschen-Brown and Andrew Runyon conduct fish sampling in Eagle Creek using a backpack electrofisher (Credit: Jennifer Clark)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Clark and other faculty teach undergraduate classes on aquatic biology, wildlife management, and entomology, and students, staff and faculty lead a variety of community outreach programs. Students and staff care for white-winged wood ducks coordinated with the <\/span>Akron Zoo<\/span><\/a> and rehabilitate songbirds, raptors, and waterfowl partnering with <\/span>Penitentiary Glen<\/span><\/a> and the <\/span>Medina Raptor Center<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the future, some research Clark and\/or other faculty hope to conduct at J. H. Barrow includes predator\/prey relationships in restored streams, including crayfish and fish, and observed high survivorship of lots of juveniles. The Eagle Creek reconstruction will continue to be monitored, as well as the oxbow wetland at the field station. \u201cFew restoration sites have been monitored over time,\u201d says Clark. \u201cGoals are not commonly assessed. It\u2019s research that\u2019s sorely needed, so we hope to fill some knowledge gaps.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

While Clark has been heavily involved in biological research at Hiram, she primarily views herself as a teacher. \u201cThe majority of what I do is teach students biology, especially undergraduates,\u201d she says. \u201cIt\u2019s very rewarding to me to teach students how to collect biological data and do research.\u201d There are about 30 students working at the field station, many of whom are doing paid internships. While many of the students are studying biology and environmental studies, other majors participate as well, including computer science, art and nursing majors. \u201cWe are proud of how interdisciplinary and student-run our projects are here,\u201d says Clark. \u201cThe students take on a lot of responsibility and have a real feeling of ownership. I think that\u2019s something we have at Hiram that\u2019s really special.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Other students involved in this research that are not pictured: \u00a0Zachary Nemec, Michael Zielinski, Maci Nelson, Sara Piccolomini, Cory Zaller-Edmonds, Erica Dulka, Aaron Acus-Souders. \u00a0This is just a handful of those that helped with this study but these students and those in the pictures spent substantial time during their internships contributing to the stream restoration monitoring project.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hiram College in Ohio is notable for its stream restoration work and exceptional student-driven programs <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":30747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,6,8,49,510],"tags":[13,1273,60,1267,1266,1270,1274,1271,109,1272,1268,1269],"class_list":["post-30742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-monitoring_tech-htm","category-newsfeed","category-rivers-streams","category-water-quality","tag-biology","tag-eagle-creek","tag-featured","tag-floodplain","tag-hiram-college","tag-jennifer-clark","tag-macro-invertebrates","tag-medina-raptor-center","tag-news-ticker","tag-penitentiary-glen","tag-re-meandering","tag-stream-restoration"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nJames H. Barrow Field Station Research Explores Stream Restoration and Redirected Stream Life<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hiram College in Ohio is notable for its stream restoration work and exceptional student-driven programs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/james-h-barrow-field-station-research-explores-stream-restoration-and-redirected-stream-life.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"James H. 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