{"id":31509,"date":"2019-04-23T10:37:31","date_gmt":"2019-04-23T14:37:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=31509"},"modified":"2024-10-14T16:00:54","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T20:00:54","slug":"the-center-for-coastal-studies-dedicated-to-monitoring-the-health-of-cape-cod-and-nantucket-waters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/the-center-for-coastal-studies-dedicated-to-monitoring-the-health-of-cape-cod-and-nantucket-waters.htm","title":{"rendered":"The Center for Coastal Studies: Dedicated To Monitoring the Health of Cape Cod and Nantucket Waters"},"content":{"rendered":"

The central mission of the Center for Coastal Studies emphasizes scientific research on marine mammals of the western North Atlantic as well as the coastal and marine habitats and resources of the Gulf of Maine. The Center also seeks to promote stewardship of coastal and marine ecosystems and provide educational resources that encourage responsible use and conservation of coastal and marine ecosystems. It also seeks to collaborate with other institutions and individuals to advance its mission. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Amy Costa, Director of Water Quality Monitoring Program and Associate Scientist at the <\/span>Center for Coastal Studie<\/span><\/a>s, leads the water monitoring effort as part of the overall mission of the Center. \u201cWe have 100 to 120 stations, with 12 stations in Cape Cod Bay and 10 stations in Nantucket Sound,\u201d Costa says. \u201cWe collect many types of water quality data, including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chlorophyll-a, and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, silicate).\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Field equipment primarily consists of <\/span>YSI Handheld ProDSS<\/span><\/a> units or <\/span>Pro Plus<\/span><\/a> units, the ProDSS units being more advanced and having optical oxygen sensors rather than the membrane covered sensors of the Pro Plus. \u00a0A Seabird<\/span> SBE 19plus V2 SeaCAT<\/span><\/a> profiler CTD is used for the deeper stations to measure temperature, conductivity, depth, dissolved oxygen, and fluorescence. Field data and samples are gathered by volunteers and staff in the May to October timeframe each year. Most water samples are collected weekly, or bi-weekly during these months, but the offshore stations in Cape Cod Bay are monitored monthly, year round. \u00a0There are about 20-25 volunteers that help gather samples for the Center. Most of the volunteers are retired. Some are former scientists; others are members of the public from a variety of backgrounds. \u201cWe started our volunteer program 14 years ago, and we\u2019ve had steady participation since then,\u201d says Costa. Volunteers are equipped with field supplies to measure environmental parameters such as<\/span> Lamotte kits<\/span> to measure dissolved oxygen and refractometers to measure salinity. \u00a0They also collect water samples which are taken back to the Center\u2019s lab to be analyzed for nutrients, turbidity and chlorophyll.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cape

Carol Carson, a volunteer, samples in the Jones River. (Photo Credit: Center for Coastal Studies)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

In the Center\u2019s lab, an Astoria Pacific autoanalyzer is used to measure nutrients. \u00a0It has four separate channels to simultaneously measure silicate, ammonium, nitrate+nitrite, and ortho-phosphate using micro-segmented flow analysis. \u00a0The lab has a Lachat QuikChem Flow Injection Analysis System that is also used to measure nutrients and anions, and a CE Elantech elemental analyzer which is used to measure particulate organic nitrogen (PON) and particulate organic carbon (POC). A Turner <\/span>Trilogy fluorometer<\/span><\/a> is used to measure chlorophyll.<\/span><\/p>\n

Costa\u2019s lab coordinates sample collection and performs all chemical analyses. They also work with other research organizations such as <\/span>Waquoit Bay<\/span><\/a>, whose National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR) was featured in a <\/span>previous Environmental Monitor article<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Center\u2019s lab also works with other research groups, environmentalists and towns to monitor Cape Cod Bay and Nantucket Sound health. \u201cWe collaborate with several towns on the Cape including Harwich, Barnstable, and Falmouth to help collect samples,\u201d says Costa. \u201cOur goal is to not only gather the data but also have it available online for anyone who wants to utilize it.\u201d \u00a0The data is available for download in graphical or tabular form through a link on the Center\u2019s website.<\/span><\/p>\n

Costa has been the Director of this program for 14 years. In that time, data have varied considerably due in part to the area\u2019s dynamic weather events. \u201cWe have had drought years and very wet years,\u201d recalls Costa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cape

(left) Turner fluorometer (under the hood) and CHN analyzer. (right) Astoria Pacific autoanalyzer and Lachat QuikChem Flow Injection Analysis System instruments. (Photo Credit: Center for Coastal Studies)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Currently, Cape Cod is trying to address nitrogen in its estuaries. \u201cAbout 80 percent of the controllable nitrogen that enters the Cape\u2019s watersheds is from septic systems. \u00a0This nitrogen pollutes the estuaries, leading to degraded water quality, and in severe cases, can lead to Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) events and fish kills,\u201d Costa notes. \u201cWe\u2019re definitely seeing more degraded areas than we did in the 1950s as the population has increased. In the 1950s, there were fewer than 50,000 people. By 2010, there were more than 200,000 people.\u201d The population also varies a great deal seasonally, due to Cape Cod\u2019s continuing popularity as a summer destination. \u201cThe population can increase by threefold or more in the summer months,\u201d adds Costa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Costa has had a lifelong interest in the Cape Cod area as well. Her doctoral research was completed at the <\/span>University of Rhode Island<\/span><\/a>, Graduate School of Oceanography, where she researched zooplankton aggregations and their relationship to the foraging behavior of right whales in Cape Cod Bay. \u201cDoing the research made it clear how important water quality is,\u201d Costa recalls. \u201cBefore this program started in 2006, there were no long-term water quality programs that encompassed the entire Cape. We set out to change that. Since then, we have been gathering baseline data all over the Cape.\u201d While the lab looks for emerging trends, despite having over a decade of data, the timeline is too short to look at global warming trends given the inherent variability in the data.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cape

Amy Costa, associate scientist at the center, using the fluorometer. (Photo Credit: Center for Coastal Studies)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

While it may seem like there isn\u2019t much a single person can do to help the water quality of Cape Cod or other areas, in the face of large forces such as tripling population growth and severe weather events, Costa indicates there are some things residents can do to help improve the water. \u201cPeople can limit their use of fertilizer. They can also use native plants, pick up after their pets, not dump in the waterways and support town efforts in wastewater planning,\u201d she emphasizes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Costa notes that Cape Cod is especially vulnerable to nitrogen inputs to the groundwater from sources such as septic systems or fertilizer. \u201cCape Cod has sandy soil, so nitrogen-enriched groundwater leeches right through, moving quickly towards our estuaries.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Massachusetts\u2019 Center for Coastal Studies provides important water quality data for Cape Cod and Nantucket Sound via an array of sophisticated equipment and a group of dedicated researchers and volunteers. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":31512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8,44,510],"tags":[1608,1607,1610,1606,60,1603,1609,531,109,147,1463,906,1611,503],"class_list":["post-31509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-newsfeed","category-oceans-coasts","category-water-quality","tag-amy-costa","tag-cape-cod","tag-cape-cod-bay","tag-center-for-coastal-studies","tag-featured","tag-gulf-of-maine","tag-nantucket-sound","tag-nerr","tag-news-ticker","tag-nitrogen","tag-north-atlantic","tag-septic","tag-waquoit-bay","tag-water-quality"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nThe Center for Coastal Studies: Dedicated To Monitoring the Health of Cape Cod and Nantucket Waters<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Massachusetts\u2019 Center 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