{"id":31590,"date":"2019-05-13T09:55:45","date_gmt":"2019-05-13T13:55:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=31590"},"modified":"2024-10-22T15:52:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-22T19:52:21","slug":"post-florence-update-from-the-waccamaw-riverkeeper","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/post-florence-update-from-the-waccamaw-riverkeeper.htm","title":{"rendered":"Post-Florence Update From the Waccamaw Riverkeeper"},"content":{"rendered":"

After Hurricane Florence hit the Carolinas, fish kills were a common sight in Waccamaw River as dissolved oxygen levels dipped below one milligram per liter, affecting the water quality. Volunteers assisted<\/span> Waccamaw Riverkeeper Cara Schildtknecht<\/span><\/a>, who spoke to <\/span>EM<\/span><\/i> about the post-Florence water quality monitoring efforts, both before and after the storm.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe have been testing water quality throughout our watershed for over 12 years,\u201d explains Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cIt started out as a project in response to the<\/span> national pollution discharge elimination system stormwater phase two permitting<\/span><\/a>. We work with the<\/span> Waccamaw Watershed Academy<\/span><\/a> to organize our volunteers and get them out, and the Waccamaw Riverkeeper serves as the field leader. I provide technical support to the volunteers.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Waccamaw Riverkeeper Schildtknecht and the team also provide training for volunteers.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Post-Florence\"

Kayakers paddle the Waccamaw River in Conway in early November as floodwaters begin to receded to safe levels. (Credit: Cara Schildtknecht, Waccamaw Riverkeeper, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cWe give them lab training, and show them how to use the meter and how to do any other analyses,\u201d details Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cWe monitor for bacteria and turbidity and also use nutrient strips in addition to the meter that we use. Once they feel comfortable, they perform a test in the field to show that they know how to use the equipment, and then they\u2019re good to go.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

To ensure the volunteer teams stay sharp with their skills, the Riverkeeper provides annual checks.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOnce a year, we go out and do what we call a site visit, visit the teams and make sure that they\u2019re not having any issues and provide retraining to make sure everything is still going well,\u201d Ms. Schildtknecht describes. \u201cThat helps us do quality assurance. We know that our volunteers know what they\u2019re doing, and we know that we\u2019re getting good data that we can trust.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ms. Schildtknecht emphasizes how important it is to the team to acquire only good quality data.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s one thing to have citizen scientists collecting data, but if you can\u2019t use that data for something, then what\u2019s the point?\u201d asks Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cSo we try and get the best data that we can. Obviously, it\u2019s not state certified data, but we do report our findings back to the local municipalities if we see an issue. They will use our data to conduct further investigations.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

This is a common issue for riverkeepers across the country, and anyone working in water quality, in that the area is so reliant on volunteers. The ability to prove that decisions are being based on good quality data is essential.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Post-Florence\"

The Waccamaw River has nearly reached normal levels seven months after the devastating flooding. (Credit: Cara Schildtknecht, Waccamaw Riverkeeper, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cWe only have credibility because our data is credible, and that\u2019s in part due to the training that we do and due to the longevity of our program,\u201d remarks Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cWe have a whole series of standard operating procedures that the volunteers receive. It\u2019s a pretty in-depth training that they get, and we have yearly data conferences, where we go over some of the tips and tricks of monitoring. We also have a volunteer luncheon every year where we do the same things, and as I said, we provide retraining opportunities. So it\u2019s pretty robust.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Florence comes to the Waccamaw River<\/span><\/h2>\n

This existing water quality monitoring program was already in place when the storm came.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis is probably a bad pun, but we got wind of the storm in early September,\u201d quips Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cWe had scheduled sampling for the second Wednesday in September. We canceled that sampling because we wanted to give our volunteers the opportunity to evacuate, to get their homes together, and do whatever they needed to do because we wanted them to be focused on their safety, not getting the data.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

At first, it seemed like the storm would miss the team, but then things took a turn for the worse.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis was historical,\u201d states Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cThe river reached heights that it has never reached before, and so that second sampling in September also had to be canceled because quite literally you could not sample. The sites that we sample are typically boat landings, and they were all pretty much flooded.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Sites that were not destroyed were inaccessible, and many were simply gone.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEven months after the event, we still had sites that were difficult to sample,\u201d comments Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cOne site completely lost its dock and we were desperately trying to find a backup or just do the best we can. But because we\u2019re committed to producing good quality data, we don\u2019t want to change our sampling site, because we\u2019ve sampled the same site for years and years and years. So we\u2019re just doing the best we can right now. Our volunteers have gotten back out there, and they\u2019re amazing. I cannot give them enough props. If we would have let them go out during the storm, they would have.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Post-Florence\"

Downtown Conway, SC flooded by the Waccamaw River in the aftermath of Florence. (Credit: Cara Schildtknecht, Waccamaw Riverkeeper, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

The flooding was so extensive and so intense that there is little water quality data for a significant chunk of time during Florence.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cUSGS had to pull their water quality gauges, so the only data we have from the storm is from one volunteer who samples at her house,\u201d adds Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cShe also happens to be the director of the Waccamaw Watershed Academy, a professor here at Coastal Carolina and was my advisor when I was a grad student. She sampled throughout the storm every other day. The only chunk of data we have from that storm is from her.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

During major storm events such as Florence, it is common to lose data points, because there\u2019s no safe way to sample without losing equipment or even life. Even automatic sampling stations are sometimes in jeopardy during a Florence-level storm event.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThey\u2019re set up expecting the water to be at a certain depth, and if that water rises too much, as it did at many places, it can become inundated,\u201d explains Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cThat equipment is so expensive; they can\u2019t just let it out there and hope that it won\u2019t be impacted. A lot of that professional sampling equipment was removed prior to the flood.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The biggest issue for the river after the storm was low DO levels.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re a blackwater river, and we have low dissolved oxygen typically, but we were seeing levels that were so low that even aquatic life adapted to low dissolved oxygen was being impacted,\u201d states Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cWe had severe fish kills throughout the river because when our wetlands flood, all the organic matter that\u2019s typically on land in these wetlands washes into the river where it decomposes.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Post-Florence\"

Destroyed dock at Wacca Wache landing impeded volunteer water monitoring for months after the flood. (Credit: Cara Schildtknecht, Waccamaw Riverkeeper, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

That decomposition uses up substantial amounts of oxygen. Fortunately, the Riverkeeper is seeing the dissolved oxygen come back to normal levels.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThat was one of the things we were really concerned about,\u201d confirms Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cA fish kill is very easy to see. We can have water quality issues that people don\u2019t see. If you have tons of dead fish in people\u2019s yards because they\u2019ve been flooded, that\u2019s a little more visible.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The Waccamaw volunteers<\/span><\/h2>\n

The Waccamaw volunteers are a very motivated group, mostly composed of retirees in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Some are also students and other members of the <\/span>Coastal Carolina University<\/span><\/a> community.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe had a homeschool group that was sampling for us,\u201d details Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cWe also have a campus monitoring program. Our offices are based out of Coastal Carolina University, and we work directly with the Waccamaw Watershed Academy, which is part of the university. There\u2019s an independent study course that is done every semester that gets students from campus to monitor water quality on campus for credit. Before I had this job, I was a graduate student here at Coastal, and I ran the campus monitoring program. They get the same training and monitor the same parameters that our volunteers do.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

One of the volunteer program\u2019s strength is its continuity; people stick with it and enjoy doing the work.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this for over 12 years, and we have volunteers who have been monitoring with the program since the very beginning,\u201d Ms. Schildtknecht describes. \u201cThey know every Riverkeeper that\u2019s come on since. They know all about their site. They\u2019re incredible.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Post-Florence\"

Waccamaw Riverkeeper, Cara Schildtknecht, celebrating the restored dock at Wacca Wache landing. (Credit: Cara Schildtknecht, Waccamaw Riverkeeper, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

One of the greatest benefits a program like this offers is, ironically, a view of the river\u2019s resilience, despite threats to water quality from events like Hurricane Florence.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019ve had major flood events in the past couple of years on the Waccamaw, and what\u2019s fascinating to me is that we can look at the data and see how the river rebounds from these flood events,\u201d comments Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cHaving the before and after data is invaluable. Sometimes we won\u2019t have the data from during an event, but we know what\u2019s normal for our river. We\u2019ve got 12 years of data, so we have established what\u2019s a normal trend.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

And despite living through a frightening natural disaster, the volunteer teams are undeterred.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt was a historic event, and we\u2019re lucky to have the data that we do have,\u201d adds Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cWe wouldn\u2019t have it without our volunteer monitors.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Citizen science such as this volunteer program is important to riverkeepers like Ms. Schildtknecht, and she believes it will become even more important as extreme weather events occur more often.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c12 years of data is a lot, and to think that some people have been doing this year-round, twice a month every month, except for December, it definitely shows the value of a volunteer,\u201d says Ms. Schildtknecht. \u201cI couldn\u2019t do this on my own. There\u2019s no way I could go out twice a month and sample the entire 140-mile stretch. There\u2019s no way. So it\u2019s very valuable, for sure.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Waccamaw Riverkeeper describes water quality monitoring with volunteers and the challenges brought by Hurricane Florence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":31596,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8,44,510],"tags":[1655,122,1659,20,60,1654,109,1656,1657,1658,503],"class_list":["post-31590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-newsfeed","category-oceans-coasts","category-water-quality","tag-cara-schildtknecht","tag-citizen-science","tag-coastal-carolina-university","tag-dissolved-oxygen","tag-featured","tag-hurricane-florence","tag-news-ticker","tag-waccamaw-river","tag-waccamaw-riverkeeper","tag-waccamaw-watershed-academy","tag-water-quality"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"\nPost-Florence Update From the Waccamaw 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