{"id":31611,"date":"2019-05-17T12:32:05","date_gmt":"2019-05-17T16:32:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=31611"},"modified":"2024-10-22T15:49:37","modified_gmt":"2024-10-22T19:49:37","slug":"science-near-the-salish-sea-friday-harbor-laboratories","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/science-near-the-salish-sea-friday-harbor-laboratories.htm","title":{"rendered":"Science Near the Salish Sea: Friday Harbor Laboratories"},"content":{"rendered":"

Less than four hours away from Seattle and Vancouver is a different, less urban sort of gem: the<\/span> University of Washington (UW)<\/span><\/a> Friday Harbor Laboratories (FHL)<\/span><\/a>. In the midst of the Salish Sea, FHL is a truly unique setting for marine research.<\/span> Director Billie Swalla<\/span><\/a> spoke with EM about this biological field station set up for exploring the rich and varied ecosystems of the San Juan Archipelago.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re a research unit with the University of Washington, part of the College of the Environment,\u201d explains Dr. Swalla, a biologist. \u201cOur main mission is marine research, with teaching and outreach a close second and third after that. And of course, teaching those research methods and outreach to the local community are also priorities.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Most marine labs or biological field stations are on permanent sites that are either very unique from an environmental science standpoint, or located in biodiversity \u201chotspots.\u201d Both are true for FHL\u2019s location.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Friday

The research vessel Centennial, sits at the dock. (Credit: Friday Harbor Laboratories, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cUW Zoology Professor Trevor Kincaid came up the coast, went inland, and found this site, and realized how high the biodiversity is,\u201d details Dr. Swalla. \u201cWe have more biodiversity here than we actually do on the outer coast because of the different habitats in the San Juan Islands. Marine invertebrate larvae settle out here that have been traveling in the open ocean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Home for students and teachers, both<\/span><\/h2>\n

FHL is set up to support a fairly extensive range of both research projects and teaching, based on both its size and amenities.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re a pretty big marine lab as far as they go,\u201d comments Dr. Swalla. \u201cWe have 100 beds for students and 100 beds for scientists, so 200 beds total. 100 beds for scientists include housing for families, so there\u2019s probably room for 30 or 35 researchers at a time. From June 1st to probably the end of September we\u2019re full. We have University of Washington undergraduates in the spring and fall.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In the summer FHL also features graduate programs and research experience for undergrads. Many students at UW who study at the field station find themselves returning.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMany people here are primarily doing research,\u201d Dr. Swalla describes. \u201cSome of the classes are teaching and then also have a research component. A lot of undergraduate students that come here first start their project as a class project, and then come back year after year to work here.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

This continuity comes, in part, from generous funding and mentoring support.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Friday

Friday Harbor Laboratories, 2019. (Credit: Friday Harbor Laboratory, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cWe are very generous with raising money for students, and we have a number of full student fellowships,\u201d comments Dr. Swalla. \u201cWe gave out 25 graduate fellowships last year for summertime work. There\u2019s an independence that comes with them; fellows are working with an advisor, but they have an independent project that they can pursue on their own.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Research at Friday Harbor Laboratories<\/span><\/h2>\n

Students, visiting researchers from around the world, and UW faculty study biology, chemistry, ecology, oceanography, and other marine disciplines at FHL.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe do everything from cellular and molecular biology to studying neurons and how patterns evolve, to studying ecosystems, to more applied work like seagrass restoration,\u201d remarks Dr. Swalla. \u201c<\/span>Doctor Adam Summers<\/span><\/a>, who’s in biology and the<\/span> School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences (SAFS)<\/span><\/a> is behind one of our big programs.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Summers\u2019 research interest is in functional morphology of fishes and fish ecology.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe project is called ScanAllFishes, and it aims to scan all 35,000 or so species of fish with a CT scanner\u201d states Dr. Swalla. \u201cOnce scanned, we look at the teeth structure, the bone structure, the gills, the vertebrae, to identify patterns and how morphology is evolving. How do those features affect the way that the animal lives?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The FHL team has expanded that project, even using other medical scanners on our campus to scan larger specimens like sharks.<\/span><\/p>\n

Another FHL program centers around<\/span> Dr. Jim Truman<\/span><\/a> and his work that originated in part at<\/span> Janelia Farms<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Friday

Jim Truman with the confocal. (Credit: Friday Harbor Laboratories, via source)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cDr. Truman\u2019s previous work looked at how insect hormones affected metamorphosis and evolution and development,\u201d explains Dr. Swalla. \u201cInsects are now considered part of the group called pan crustaceans, so the project is now focused on looking at crustaceans to see whether it seems that the same pattern happened in crustaceans as it did in insects. They have found that crustaceans have the same 30 pairs of stem cells, which is kind of cool because there\u2019s a lot of evolutionary time that elapsed there.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ocean acidification is another research area for the FHL team.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe have some instruments that are 10 feet below dock and some at a deep spot, down around 90 feet,\u201d states Dr. Swalla. \u201cThat\u2019s because we know from our previous experiments that below about 80 feet it doesn\u2019t change much. At the top, there\u2019s a lot of change in temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen in the water.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The team is now working to allow their instruments to \u201ctalk\u201d to users and make their data available online for easy downloading.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThat should provide a long-term look into what the conditions are out here most of the time,\u201d adds Dr. Swalla. \u201cWhen we get these upwelling events that happen, what happens when you get the pH suddenly going down really low? You have to take one variable at a time. As we have these warming trends, it\u2019ll be really interesting to see how that affects these biological processes.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Swalla is currently researching cell development and classes of regeneration.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Friday

CT scanned Hammerhead. (Credit: Jim Truman)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cWe work with acorn worms that completely regenerate themselves when cut in half,\u201d details Dr. Swalla. \u201cWe think in terms of gene networks, not just single genes. Transcription factors are genes that turn on other genes. Our challenge is to look at these particular networks to try and figure out what is allowing the worms to \u2018turn on\u2019 the regeneration process.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Why bother? Because ultimately if researchers can learn which mechanisms allow worms, for example, to be cut in two and \u201cregrow\u201d entire new heads and organs, they might eventually learn how to regenerate damaged tissues and organs in humans, too.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOne of the good things about using invertebrates as far as embryonic development goes is that most of the animals will spawn right into the water,\u201d remarks Dr. Swalla. \u201cYou can get lots of embryos and then try to figure out what\u2019s going on with their gene networks, and then take that information and try to apply it to other animals.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

A vision of the future<\/span><\/h2>\n

In some ways, what comes next for FHL is easy: more of the same.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOur lab is very well known,\u201d states Dr. Swalla. \u201cMost people who have done some work in marine science have taken a course here, come to events here, or worked here. As I go different places as director, I hear people say, \u2018Oh I love Friday Harbor Labs,\u2019 or \u2018Oh, I spent a summer there, it was fantastic,\u2019 and people have a real love for it. We find that our people are all over the world.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Even so, the team is hoping to expand and offer more to the researchers and students that spend time at FHL.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Friday

CT scanned flatfish. (Credit: Jim Truman)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re trying to raise money for a new building because we\u2019d like to be able to house all the people that are here in one place,\u201d remarks Dr. Swalla. \u201cThis way we can have lectures and larger events. Our biggest lecture hall right now holds 85 people.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The connective tissue that holds every project and participant together at FHL is a love for the work and an interest in getting it done. Dr. Swalla takes pleasure in encouraging the next wave of would-be researchers to keep studying and to come to FHL.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s maybe a little bit clich\u00e9, but it happens all the time,\u201d laughs Dr. Swalla. \u201cWhenever I meet students that say, \u2018Oh, I wanted to be a marine biologist but I ended up being an accountant,\u2019 or something like that, I say, \u2018Well, you could go back and be one today. It\u2019s a good job. You could go back, get some higher education and teach.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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