{"id":31904,"date":"2019-07-29T12:03:35","date_gmt":"2019-07-29T16:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/?p=31904"},"modified":"2024-10-22T15:37:42","modified_gmt":"2024-10-22T19:37:42","slug":"wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm","title":{"rendered":"\u201cWireWall\u201d Measuring Flood Risk in Real Time"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This past winter, physical oceanographer <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/noc.ac.uk\/n\/Jennifer+Brown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jenny Brown<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and her team at the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/noc.ac.uk\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Oceanography Centre (NOC)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, United Kingdom, were trialing <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-019-00720-x\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a new concept: \u201cWireWall\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with colleagues at HR Wallingford. This new system for measuring wave hazard at sea walls allows managers to understand flood risk for existing coastal structures better, and Dr. Brown spoke to <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EM <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">about the system and what inspired it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cTraditional sensors don\u2019t work in spray conditions,\u201d explains Dr. Brown. \u201cWe\u2019ve got a lot of oceangoing sensors that measure currents, water depths, all sorts of information, but the second you put them on land and out of solid water, they don\u2019t work, often because they\u2019re acoustic systems.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, a wide range of measurements is essential to plan and design new sea defenses. The key measurements are the volume and speed of wave jets and spray passing over the top of a defence during stormy conditions.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cHow the heck were we going to get those measurements to calibrate the numerical tools used in the design of new sea walls?\u201d muses Dr. Brown. \u201cBecause without that, there\u2019s a lot of uncertainty, and the tolerances for the safety thresholds are perhaps higher than they need to be to ensure people are safe. The driver behind our sensor development was the idea that there could be a huge cost saving when building new sea defences if we could develop an instrument that would measure the required data.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe sampling frequencies of the electronics haven\u2019t been quick enough to capture such fast jets of water in the past, so we haven\u2019t had the capabilities to make these measurements until quite recently,\u201d details Dr. Brown. \u201cSo the need has been there, and it\u2019s been a problem in many locations. Now, with sea levels rising that need is becoming more acute, because water levels are allowing waves to come higher up historic sea defences.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31907\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31907\" class=\"size-large wp-image-31907\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_4-600x338.jpg\" alt=\"flood risk\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_4-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_4-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_4-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_4.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-31907\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">The &#8220;WireWall&#8221; during a stormy day. (Credit: National Oceanography Centre)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is where the \u2019team\u2019s technology comes into play.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe wires have a capacitance and ground wire, and when the water hits the pair of wires it sends a signal,\u201d Dr. Brown describes. \u201cWe have a grid of wires, and we can calibrate that signal into what length of wire is wet. By knowing the spacing of the wires and when they\u2019re hit, we can calculate a speed. By knowing the lengths of wire that are wet, we can calculate a discharge, so we know the volume of water \u2019that\u2019s passing through the wire grid.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finally, using WireWall, the team can generate a picture of the volume of water overtopping the wall to calibrate overtopping prediction tools to prove the concept. Obviously, such a system needs to be calibrated initially, but Dr. \u2019Brown\u2019s team has confirmed the \u2019system\u2019s performance in a wave flume at HR Wallingford.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe\u2019re showing that the technology works at a single point on a sea wall,\u201d clarifies Dr. Brown. \u201cIf you wanted to collect information along the whole sea wall, you would need lots of these systems, because conditions will vary in different locations depending on whether the beach is a little bit higher or lower.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The system is also customizable, flexible, and scalable, constructed of scaffold poles and capable of being smaller or bigger depending on the application.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cAt the minute it\u2019s clamped to the railings and bolted down, but you could reconfigure it to work on whatever sea wall you had in mind,\u201d adds Dr. Brown.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a relatively low-cost solution for measuring hazardous wave events in terms of the initial outlay, although there are ongoing costs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe only real costs are the staff time to generate a design that works for your sea wall and to process the data, because it\u2019s quite noisy,\u201d remarks Dr. Brown. \u201cWaves come in from all different directions, so we need to identify if the waves come from the left, the right or straight through. At the moment, we use video camera footage to confirm what our analysis of the data is telling us, which means someone has to visually check at least some of the results by replaying the video. The actual instrument itself is very low cost, and as we get more data, we will become more confident in the analysis methods which will reduce, and eventually eliminate, the need for visual checking.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe went out on every windy spring tide because we\u2019ve never done this before, and we wanted to get as much data as possible to be able to show it was working,\u201d states Dr. Brown. \u201cWe had to install cameras on the rig when we put it on the sea wall so we could see what was going on, to be able to explain the patterns we had in the data.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eventually, there may be a role for a machine learning system in tandem with the \u201cWireWall.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31908\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31908\" class=\"size-large wp-image-31908\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk-600x338.jpg\" alt=\"flood risk\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-31908\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">A close-up of the &#8220;WireWall&#8221; (Credit: National Oceanography Centre)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe have people at the NOC that do machine learning, and we have been talking about how we could we use the data as a training dataset for these tools,\u201d comments Dr. Brown. \u201cWe would need to make the system more robust to allow longer deployments to collect such datasets.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the moment the team deploys the system for one tide and then returns it to the lab to process the data, but for machine learning to function properly, it would require significantly more data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cYou would have to measure for a whole winter season, perhaps every high water,\u201d Dr. Brown says. \u201cThe waterproofing would have to be improved so it could be left out there for a lot longer because if water gets into the connectors, the data won\u2019t retain such high quality. We\u2019ve been checking them after each deployment and allowed for built-in redundancy in our initial tests. So far, the data looks good.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next steps for the team? Opening up the system for use by more people and acquiring more data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIf you could train a local authority to be there regularly, looking after and perhaps changing wires weekly, that might work,\u201d explains Dr. Brown. \u201cOur next step will be making an instrument that could go out for a whole winter. We would like to win another project to look at the system design so it could do something similar, but with less maintenance. This was really the proof of concept: does the technology collect the measurements we want over a tidal cycle?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In any event, the research surrounding this system has provided something unique: the first-ever measurements of wave overtopping speed in the field.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31909\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31909\" class=\"size-large wp-image-31909\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_2-600x338.jpg\" alt=\"flood risk\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_2-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/news.fondriest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_2.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-31909\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">An image of the &#8220;WireWall&#8221;(Credit: National Oceanography Centre)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cPeople have previously collected volume using large tanks behind a sea wall, but a tank only gives you the volume of water it collects, it doesn\u2019t actually get the speed,\u201d remarks Dr. Brown. \u201cThe momentum of the water is a hazard because that\u2019s what could knock people over. So in addition to the volume, which could cause a car to float away or would be against the front door of your home, the actual speed of the water is also quite important for public safety\u2014and that\u2019s a new dataset that we\u2019ve managed to collect.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe waves coming over the sea wall might knock you over, but if the water then rushes back as it drains off the defence, you could be washed off the sea wall,\u201d adds Dr. Brown. \u201cSo knowing the velocity is quite useful for coastal managers.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recent trials of a new real-time flood measurement system for sea walls have proven successful.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":31906,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,79,6,8,44],"tags":[60,1854,1849,1850,1851,109,1852,1853,773,1848],"class_list":["post-31904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-monitoring-gear-2","category-monitoring_tech-htm","category-newsfeed","category-oceans-coasts","tag-featured","tag-flood-risk","tag-hr-wallingford","tag-jenny-brown","tag-national-oceanography-centre","tag-news-ticker","tag-oceanography","tag-sea-defences","tag-waves","tag-wirewall"],"remote_post_permalink":false,"remote_post_featured_image":false,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u201cWireWall\u201d Measuring Flood Risk in Real Time<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Recent trials of a new real-time flood measurement system for sea walls have proven successful.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cWireWall\u201d Measuring Flood Risk in Real Time\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Recent trials of a new real-time flood measurement system for sea walls have proven successful.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Environmental Monitor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-07-29T16:03:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-22T19:37:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fondriest.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"940\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"529\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Karla Lant\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Karla Lant\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Karla Lant\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/51170f7bfa3a05b94cea6f517ce4e79b\"},\"headline\":\"\u201cWireWall\u201d Measuring Flood Risk in Real Time\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-07-29T16:03:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-22T19:37:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm\"},\"wordCount\":1292,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fondriest.com\\\/news\\\/wirewall-measuring-flood-risk-in-real-time.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.fondriest.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/07\\\/Wire_Wall_floodrisk_3.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"featured\",\"flood risk\",\"HR Wallingford\",\"Jenny Brown\",\"National Oceanography Centre\",\"news ticker\",\"oceanography\",\"sea defences\",\"waves\",\"WireWall\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Featured Articles\",\"Monitoring Gear\",\"Monitoring Technology\",\"Newsfeed\",\"Oceans &amp; 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